Vector measureIn mathematics, a vector measure is a function defined on a family of sets and taking vector values satisfying certain properties. It is a generalization of the concept of finite measure, which takes nonnegative real values only.
Knowledge marketA knowledge market is a mechanism for distributing knowledge resources. There are two views on knowledge and how knowledge markets can function. One view uses a legal construct of intellectual property to make knowledge a typical scarce resource, so the traditional commodity market mechanism can be applied directly to distribute it. An alternative model is based on treating knowledge as a public good and hence encouraging free sharing of knowledge. This is often referred to as attention economy.
Time travel in fictionTime travel is a common theme in fiction, mainly since the late 19th century, and has been depicted in a variety of media, such as literature, television, film, and advertisements. The concept of time travel by mechanical means was popularized in H. G. Wells' 1895 story, The Time Machine. In general, time travel stories focus on the consequences of traveling into the past or the future.
Definitions of knowledgeDefinitions of knowledge try to determine the essential features of knowledge. Closely related terms are conception of knowledge, theory of knowledge, and analysis of knowledge. Some general features of knowledge are widely accepted among philosophers, for example, that it constitutes a cognitive success or an epistemic contact with reality and that propositional knowledge involves true belief. Most definitions of knowledge in analytic philosophy focus on propositional knowledge or knowledge-that, as in knowing that Dave is at home, in contrast to knowledge-how (know-how) expressing practical competence.
Coût marginalLe coût marginal est le coût induit par une variation de l'activité. Pour les économistes, cette variation peut être infinitésimale, et le coût marginal est alors la dérivée de la fonction de coût. Pour les comptables, le coût marginal est défini comme la variation du coût engendrée par la production ou la vente d'une unité supplémentaire (ce qui est plus concret qu'un calcul de dérivée). Dans la réalité du monde de l'entreprise, la variation d'activité correspond généralement à une commande supplémentaire (qui peut donc porter sur un lot de plusieurs produits).
Procedural knowledgeProcedural knowledge (also known as knowing-how, and sometimes referred to as practical knowledge, imperative knowledge, or performative knowledge) is the knowledge exercised in the performance of some task. Unlike descriptive knowledge (also known as declarative knowledge, propositional knowledge or "knowing-that"), which involves knowledge of specific facts or propositions (e.g. "I know that snow is white"), procedural knowledge involves one's ability to do something (e.g. "I know how to change a flat tire").
Cost curveIn economics, a cost curve is a graph of the costs of production as a function of total quantity produced. In a free market economy, productively efficient firms optimize their production process by minimizing cost consistent with each possible level of production, and the result is a cost curve. Profit-maximizing firms use cost curves to decide output quantities. There are various types of cost curves, all related to each other, including total and average cost curves; marginal ("for each additional unit") cost curves, which are equal to the differential of the total cost curves; and variable cost curves.
Mode de transportvignette|Autobus utilisant le Washington State Ferry Un mode de transport est une forme particulière de transport qui se distingue principalement par le véhicule utilisé, et par conséquent par l'infrastructure qu'il met en œuvre. vignette|Transport par les airs et par la terre (page illustrative de The How and Why Library, 1909).
Corps commutatifvignette|Corps commutatif (pour n premier) En mathématiques, un corps commutatif (parfois simplement appelé corps, voir plus bas, ou parfois appelé champ) est une des structures algébriques fondamentales de l'algèbre générale. C'est un ensemble muni de deux opérations binaires rendant possibles les additions, soustractions, multiplications et divisions. Plus précisément, un corps commutatif est un anneau commutatif dans lequel l'ensemble des éléments non nuls est un groupe commutatif pour la multiplication.
Tempsthumb|Chronos, dieu du temps de la mythologie grecque, par Ignaz Günther, Bayerisches Nationalmuseum à Munich. vignette|Montre à gousset ancienne Le temps est une notion qui rend compte du changement dans le monde. Le questionnement s'est porté sur sa « nature intime » : propriété fondamentale de l'Univers, ou produit de l'observation intellectuelle et de la perception humaine. La somme des réponses ne suffit pas à dégager un concept satisfaisant du temps.
