Self-careSelf-care has been defined as the process of establishing behaviors to ensure holistic well-being of oneself, to promote health, and actively manage illness when it occurs. Individuals engage in some form of self-care daily with food choices, exercise, sleep, reading and dental care. Self-care is not only a solo activity as the community—a group that supports the person performing self-care—overall plays a large role in access to, implementation of, and success of self-care activities.
Observational studyIn fields such as epidemiology, social sciences, psychology and statistics, an observational study draws inferences from a sample to a population where the independent variable is not under the control of the researcher because of ethical concerns or logistical constraints. One common observational study is about the possible effect of a treatment on subjects, where the assignment of subjects into a treated group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator.
Médecine interneLa médecine interne est une spécialité médicale. Elle s'intéresse au diagnostic et à la prise en charge globale des maladies de l'adulte avec une prédilection pour les maladies systémiques (par exemple le lupus érythémateux disséminé) et les maladies auto-immunes en général. Un médecin qui pratique la médecine interne est un interniste. En France, la médecine interne est la spécialité des démarches diagnostiques difficiles et de la prise en charge des adultes souffrant de polypathologies ou de maladies générales.
Health information technologyHealth information technology (HIT) is health technology, particularly information technology, applied to health and health care. It supports health information management across computerized systems and the secure exchange of health information between consumers, providers, payers, and quality monitors. Based on a 2008 report on a small series of studies conducted at four sites that provide ambulatory care – three U.S.
Plasma cell dyscrasiasPlasma cell dyscrasias (also termed plasma cell disorders and plasma cell proliferative diseases) are a spectrum of progressively more severe monoclonal gammopathies in which a clone or multiple clones of pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells (sometimes in association with lymphoplasmacytoid cells or B lymphocytes) over-produce and secrete into the blood stream a myeloma protein, i.e. an abnormal monoclonal antibody or portion thereof.
Placebo-controlled studyPlacebo-controlled studies are a way of testing a medical therapy in which, in addition to a group of subjects that receives the treatment to be evaluated, a separate control group receives a sham "placebo" treatment which is specifically designed to have no real effect. Placebos are most commonly used in blinded trials, where subjects do not know whether they are receiving real or placebo treatment. Often, there is also a further "natural history" group that does not receive any treatment at all.
Informatique médicaleL'informatique médicale est l'application des techniques issues de l'informatique au domaine médical. L'informatique médicale est une science à part entière ; aux confluents des sciences de l'information et de la médecine, c'est aussi l'une des technologies nécessaire au développement de l'E-médecine. Elle permet d'affiner et d'accélérer ou automatiser certains moyens d'investigation médicale et de diagnostic.
MédicalisationLe terme médicalisation fait référence à l'avènement des soins de santé publique et de la médecine moderne, ainsi qu'à l'émergence de la médecine moderne en tant qu'institution sociale. Le processus de médicalisation s'est déroulé en même temps que le développement des sciences modernes, et dans un contexte d'industrialisation et d'urbanisation croissante, ainsi que de problèmes d'ordre épidémiologiques.
Algorithme d'apprentissage incrémentalEn informatique, un algorithme d'apprentissage incrémental ou incrémentiel est un algorithme d'apprentissage qui a la particularité d'être online, c'est-à-dire qui apprend à partir de données reçues au fur et à mesure du temps. À chaque incrément il reçoit des données d'entrées et un résultat, l'algorithme calcule alors une amélioration du calcul fait pour prédire le résultat à partir des données d'entrées.
Health information managementHealth information management (HIM) is information management applied to health and health care. It is the practice of analyzing and protecting digital and traditional medical information vital to providing quality patient care. With the widespread computerization of health records, traditional (paper-based) records are being replaced with electronic health records (EHRs). The tools of health informatics and health information technology are continually improving to bring greater efficiency to information management in the health care sector.
