Métagénomiquevignette|300px|À titre d'exemple : Indices comparés de biodiversité pour 19 métagénomes marins échantillonnés par l'expédition , tels qu'analysés avec GenGIS. La métagénomique ou génomique environnementale est une méthode d'étude du contenu génétique d'échantillons issus d'environnements complexes (ex : intestin, océan, sols, air, etc.) prélevés dans la nature (par opposition à des échantillons cultivés en laboratoire).
Sequence analysisIn bioinformatics, sequence analysis is the process of subjecting a DNA, RNA or peptide sequence to any of a wide range of analytical methods to understand its features, function, structure, or evolution. Methodologies used include sequence alignment, searches against biological databases, and others. Since the development of methods of high-throughput production of gene and protein sequences, the rate of addition of new sequences to the databases increased very rapidly.
Fusion geneA fusion gene is a hybrid gene formed from two previously independent genes. It can occur as a result of translocation, interstitial deletion, or chromosomal inversion. Fusion genes have been found to be prevalent in all main types of human neoplasia. The identification of these fusion genes play a prominent role in being a diagnostic and prognostic marker. The first fusion gene was described in cancer cells in the early 1980s.
Fate mappingFate mapping is a method used in developmental biology to study the embryonic origin of various adult tissues and structures. The "fate" of each cell or group of cells is mapped onto the embryo, showing which parts of the embryo will develop into which tissue. When carried out at single-cell resolution, this process is called cell lineage tracing. It is also used to trace the development of tumors. The earliest fate maps were based on direct observation of the embryos of ascidians or other marine invertebrates.
Chromosome 12 humainLe chromosome 12 est un des 24 chromosomes humains. C'est l'un des 22 autosomes. Nombre de paires de base : Nombre de gènes : Nombre de gènes connus : Nombre de pseudo gènes : 396 Nombre de variations des nucléotides (S.N.P ou single nucleotide polymorphisme) : Syndrome microdélétionnel 12q15q21.1 : délétion interstitielle sur le bras long du chromosome 12. Le chromosome 12 contient les gènes homéotiques (HOM ou HOX) du groupe C.
