Towards the material limit and field concentration smoothing in multilayer dielectric elastomer actuators

Performance of dielectric elastomer actuators is closely related to its breakdown field. On the other hand, to enhance the available energy, multilayer configuration is needed to increase the amount of active material. However, multilayer configuration suffers from a drastic reduction of the affordable electric field related to field concentration at edges. After showing how the conductivity of the air helps to smooth the field in a single layer configuration, this effect has been mimicked in the multilayer by adding carbon particles in a thin silicone layer around the electrode. A change in the electric properties around the edges reduces the local concentration of the electric field and allows a significant improvement of the voltage breakdown in the multilayer structure. Therefore, the performance of multilayer has been considerably enhanced.