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This lecture covers the principles of protein mass spectrometry and proteomics, focusing on chromatographic techniques, such as HPLC and 2D liquid chromatography, used for peptide separation. It also discusses the applications of liquid chromatography in biological research, including off-gel IEF versus SCX chromatography. The lecture delves into the importance of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in separating chemical mixtures and the use of mass spectrometry for quantitative proteomic workflows, such as label-free methods and protein relative quantitation. Additionally, it explores metabolic labelling techniques like SILAC and ICAT, as well as isobaric tagging methods like TMTs and iTRAQ for protein quantification.