Numerical Modelling of the Atmosphere

This lecture focuses on numerical modelling of atmospheric processes to predict weather and climate phenomena, covering governing equations, numerical solutions, and key concepts. It explains the types of numerical models, conservation equations, approximations like Boussinesq and anelastic, and various numerical methods such as finite-difference, spectral, and finite-volume. The lecture also discusses spatial grids, vertical coordinates, and the effects of numerical approximations like truncation errors and diffusion, emphasizing the importance of stability in time integration. Examples of grid staggering and different types of grids are presented, along with the challenges of resolving features in both horizontal and vertical dimensions.