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This lecture discusses the use of semiconductor nanowires as biosensors, focusing on their application in label-free detection of charged analytes. The speaker explains the concept of field effect transistors, the importance of functionalization for specificity, and the potential for high sensitivity in detecting analytes. The lecture also highlights the advantages of scaling down to nanowires, enabling the integration of multiple sensors on a single chip and the potential for enhanced sensitivity. The speaker emphasizes the need for further research in this area due to varying sensitivity levels reported in current literature.