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This lecture explores the evolution of Moore's Law, from its inception in 1965 by Gordon E. Moore to its potential limits and the impact on the semiconductor industry. It delves into the exponential growth of transistor density and the challenges faced in maintaining this trend, discussing the economic and technical constraints. The lecture also examines the historical context, including the development of integrated circuits and the predictions made regarding the law's longevity. Furthermore, it analyzes the implications of Moore's Law on technological innovation, cost-performance optimization, and the concept of a self-fulfilling prophecy in the realm of emerging technologies.