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This lecture covers the technology behind logic gates, focusing on TTL and CMOS families. It explains how logic gates are implemented in semiconductor material, the importance of integrated circuits, and the challenges related to static and dynamic hazards, gated clocks, real DFFs, metastability, critical paths, maximum clock frequency, and switch debouncing. The instructor discusses the different behaviors of logic circuits in theory and in the real world, emphasizing the importance of gate delays and the critical path for determining the system clock frequency.