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Concept
Sequence space
Summary
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a sequence space is a vector space whose elements are infinite sequences of real or complex numbers. Equivalently, it is a function space whose elements are functions from the natural numbers to the field K of real or complex numbers. The set of all such functions is naturally identified with the set of all possible infinite sequences with elements in K, and can be turned into a vector space under the operations of pointwise addition of functions and pointwise scalar multiplication. All sequence spaces are linear subspaces of this space. Sequence spaces are typically equipped with a norm, or at least the structure of a topological vector space.
The most important sequence spaces in analysis are the l^p spaces, consisting of the p-power summable sequences, with the p-norm. These are special cases of Lp spaces for the counting measure on the set of natural numbers. Other important classes of sequences like convergent sequences or null sequences form sequence spaces, respectively denoted c and c0, with the sup norm. Any sequence space can also be equipped with the topology of pointwise convergence, under which it becomes a special kind of Fréchet space called FK-space.
A sequence in a set is just an -valued map whose value at is denoted by instead of the usual parentheses notation
Let denote the field either of real or complex numbers. The set of all sequences of elements of is a vector space for componentwise addition
and componentwise scalar multiplication
A sequence space is any linear subspace of
As a topological space, is naturally endowed with the product topology. Under this topology, is Fréchet, meaning that it is a complete, metrizable, locally convex topological vector space (TVS). However, this topology is rather pathological: there are no continuous norms on (and thus the product topology cannot be defined by any norm). Among Fréchet spaces, is minimal in having no continuous norms:
But the product topology is also unavoidable: does not admit a strictly coarser Hausdorff, locally convex topology.
Official source
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