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Concept
Pneumoconiosis
Summary
Pneumoconiosis is the general term for a class of interstitial lung disease where inhalation of dust ( for example, ash dust, lead particles, pollen grains etc) has caused interstitial fibrosis. The three most common types are asbestosis, silicosis, and coal miner's lung. Pneumoconiosis often causes restrictive impairment, although diagnosable pneumoconiosis can occur without measurable impairment of lung function. Depending on extent and severity, it may cause death within months or years, or it may never produce symptoms. It is usually an occupational lung disease, typically from years of dust exposure during work in mining; textile milling; shipbuilding, ship repairing, and/or shipbreaking; sandblasting; industrial tasks; rock drilling (subways or building pilings); or agriculture. It is one of the most common occupational diseases in the world.
Depending upon the type of dust, the disease is given different names:
Coalworker's pneumoconiosis (also known as coal miner's lung, black lung or anthracosis) – coal, carbon
Aluminosis – Aluminium
Asbestosis – asbestos
Silicosis (also known as "grinder's disease" or Potter's rot) – crystalline silica dust
Bauxite fibrosis – bauxite
Berylliosis – beryllium
Siderosis – iron
Byssinosis – Byssinosis is caused by cotton dust inhalation and typically demonstrates a different pattern of lung abnormalities than most other pneumoconiosis.
Chalicosis – fine dust from stonecutting
Silicosiderosis (also sometimes called iron miner's lung) – mixed dust containing silica and iron
Labrador lung (found in miners in Labrador, Canada) – mixed dust containing iron, silica and anthophyllite, a type of asbestos
Stannosis – tin oxide
Talcosis – talc
Baritosis - a benign type of pneumoconiosis caused by barium inhalation; it typically causes little or no overgrowth, hardening, and/or fibrosis.
Mixed-dust pneumoconiosis
The reaction of the lung to mineral dusts depends on many variables, including size, shape, solubility, and reactivity of the particles.
Official source
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