Concept

Equilibrium fractionation

Related publications (37)

Ab initio and steady-state models for uranium isotope fractionation in multi-step biotic and abiotic reduction

Hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) is reduced to tetravalent uranium (U(IV)) by microorganisms (e.g., Geobacter or Shewanella spp.) as well as by abiotic reductants such as sulfide or Fe(II) species. During reduction, the heavy isotope (238U) is typically enriched ...

2021

Toward waste valorization by converting bioethanol production residues into nanoparticles and nanocomposite films

Xun Liao, Muhammad Farooq

A "waste-valorization" approach was developed to transform recalcitrant hydrolysis lignin (HL) from secondgeneration bioethanol production into multifunctional bio-based products. The hydrolysis lignin (HL) was extracted with aqueous acetone, yielding two ...

ELSEVIER2021

Tree water deficit and dynamic source water partitioning

Andrea Rinaldo, Paolo Benettin, Mitra Asadollahi

The stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen (delta H-2 and delta O-18, respectively) have been widely used to investigate tree water source partitioning. These tracers have shed new light on patterns of tree water use in time and space. However, there are s ...

WILEY2020

Quantum kinetic energy and isotope fractionation in aqueous ionic solutions

Michele Ceriotti, Lu Wang

At room temperature, the quantum contribution to the kinetic energy of a water molecule exceeds the classical contribution by an order of magnitude. The quantum kinetic energy (QKE) of a water molecule is modulated by its local chemical environment and lea ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2020

Nanoscale mechanism of UO2 formation through uranium reduction by magnetite

Rizlan Bernier-Latmani, Barbora Bártová, Zezhen Pan

Uranium (U) is a ubiquitous element in the Earth's crust at similar to 2 ppm. In anoxic environments, soluble hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) is reduced and immobilized. The underlying reduction mechanism is unknown but likely of critical importance to explain ...

2020

Non-crystalline tetravalent uranium species in the subsurface: formation and stability

Luca Loreggian

Uranium (U) contamination of ground and surface waters poses an acute hazard on the ecosystem and human health. Since the discovery of microbial U(VI) reduction, U bioremediation has been explored as a promising and cost-effective method compared to tradit ...

EPFL2019

Ideas and perspectives: Tracing terrestrial ecosystem water fluxes using hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes - challenges and opportunities from an interdisciplinary perspective

Paolo Benettin, Jana Freiin von Freyberg, Natalie Claire Ceperley

In this commentary, we summarize and build upon discussions that emerged during the workshop "Isotope-based studies of water partitioning and plant-soil interactions in forested and agricultural environments" held in San Casciano in Val di Pesa, Italy, in ...

Copernicus GmbH2018

Accelerating path integral evaluation of equilibrium and kinetic isotope effects

Konstantin Karandashev

Investigating the effect of isotope substitution on equilibrium and kinetic properties of molecules has become an important tool for estimating the importance of nuclear quantum effects. In this work, we discuss calculating both equilibrium and kinetic iso ...

EPFL2018

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation Trends in N-Nitrosodimethylamine Reflect the Formation Pathway during Chloramination of Tertiary Amines

Urs von Gunten, Stephanie Spahr

Assessing the precursors and reactions leading to the carcinogenic N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) during drinking water disinfection is a major challenge. Here, we investigate whether changes of C-13/C-12,H-2/H-1, and N-15/N-14 ratios of NDMA give rise to i ...

American Chemical Society2017

Formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine during water disinfection with chloramine

Stephanie Spahr

Disinfection processes such as chlorination, chloramination, and ozonation are a crucial measure to provide safe drinking water because they effectively inactivate pathogenic microorganisms. However, these processes can also lead to the formation of harmfu ...

EPFL2016

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