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Concept
FM broadcasting
Summary
FM broadcasting is a method of radio broadcasting that uses frequency modulation (FM) of the radio broadcast carrier wave. Invented in 1933 by American engineer Edwin Armstrong, wide-band FM is used worldwide to transmit high-fidelity sound over broadcast radio. FM broadcasting offers higher fidelity—more accurate reproduction of the original program sound—than other broadcasting techniques, such as AM broadcasting. It is also less susceptible to common forms of interference, having less static and popping sounds than are often heard on AM. Therefore, FM is used for most broadcasts of music and general audio (in the audio spectrum). FM radio stations use the very high frequency range of radio frequencies.
FM broadcast band
Throughout the world, the FM broadcast band falls within the VHF part of the radio spectrum. Usually 87.5 to 108.0 MHz is used, or some portion of it, with few exceptions:
In the former Soviet republics, and some former Eastern Bloc countries, the older 65.8–74 MHz band is also used. Assigned frequencies are at intervals of 30 kHz. This band, sometimes referred to as the OIRT band, is slowly phased out. Where the OIRT band is used, the 87.5–108.0 MHz band is referred to as the CCIR band.
In Japan, the band 76–95 MHz is used.
In Brazil, until the late 2010s, FM broadcast stations only used the 88-108 MHz Band, but with the phasing out of analog television, the 76-88 MHz band (old band channels 5 and 6 in VHF television) are allocated for old local MW stations who have moved to FM in agreement with ANATEL.
The frequency of an FM broadcast station (more strictly its assigned nominal center frequency) is usually a multiple of 100 kHz. In most of South Korea, the Americas, the Philippines, and the Caribbean, only odd multiples are used. Some other countries follow this plan because of the import of vehicles, principally from the United States, with radios that can only tune to these frequencies. In some parts of Europe, Greenland, and Africa, only even multiples are used. In the United Kingdom, both odd and even are used.
Official source
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