Supermultiplet

Summary

In theoretical physics, a supermultiplet is a representation of a supersymmetry algebra, possibly with extended supersymmetry. Then a superfield is a field on superspace which is valued in such a representation. Naïvely, or when considering flat superspace, a superfield can simply be viewed as a function on superspace. Formally, it is a section of an associated supermultiplet bundle. Phenomenologically, superfields are used to describe particles. It is a feature of supersymmetric field theories that particles form pairs, called superpartners where bosons are paired with fermions. These supersymmetric fields are used to build supersymmetric quantum field theories, where the fields are promoted to operators. Superfields were introduced by Abdus Salam and J. A. Strathdee in a 1974 article. Operations on superfields and a partial classification were presented a few months later by Sergio Ferrara, Julius Wess and Bruno Zumino. The most commonly used supermultiplets are vector multiplets, chiral multiplets (in supersymmetry for example), hypermultiplets (in supersymmetry for example), tensor multiplets and gravity multiplets. The highest component of a vector multiplet is a gauge boson, the highest component of a chiral or hypermultiplet is a spinor, the highest component of a gravity multiplet is a graviton. The names are defined so as to be invariant under dimensional reduction, although the organization of the fields as representations of the Lorentz group changes. The use of these names for the different multiplets can vary in literature. A chiral multiplet (whose highest component is a spinor) may sometimes be referred to as a scalar multiplet, and in SUSY, a vector multiplet (whose highest component is a vector) can sometimes be referred to as a chiral multiplet. Conventions in this section follow the notes by . A general complex superfield in supersymmetry can be expanded as where are different complex fields. This is not an irreducible supermultiplet, and so different constraints are needed to isolate irreducible representations.

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermultiplet

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A simple extension of the minimal left-right symmetric supersymmetric grand unified theory model is constructed by adding two pairs of superfields. This naturally violates the partial Yukawa unification predicted by the minimal model. After including supergravity corrections, we find that this extended model naturally supports hilltop F-term hybrid inflation along its trivial inflationary path with only a very mild tuning of the initial conditions. With a convenient choice of signs of the terms in the Kahler potential, we can reconcile the inflationary scale with the supersymmetric grand unified theory scale. All the current data on the inflationary observables are readily reproduced. Inflation is followed by nonthermal leptogenesis via the decay of the right-handed neutrinos emerging from the decay of the inflaton, and any possible washout of the lepton asymmetry is avoided thanks to the violation of partial Yukawa unification. The extra superfields also assist us in reducing the reheat temperature so as to satisfy the gravitino constraint. The observed baryon asymmetry of the universe is naturally reproduced consistently with the neutrino oscillation parameters.

Amer Physical Soc2014

Scalar masses in general N=2 gauged supergravity theories

Claudio Scrucca, Paul Smyth, Francesca Catino

We readdress the question of whether any universal upper bound exists on the square mass m(2) of the lightest scalar around a supersymmetry breaking vacuum in generic N=2 gauged supergravity theories for a given gravitino mass m(3/2) and cosmological constant V. We review the known bounds which apply to theories with restricted matter content from a new perspective. We then extend these results to theories with both hyper and vector multiplets and a gauging involving only one generator, for which we show that such a bound exists for both V > 0 and V < 0. We finally argue that there is no bound for the same theories with a gauging involving two or more generators. These results imply that in N=2 supergravity theories metastable de Sitter vacua with V < m(3/2)(2) can only arise if at least two isometries are gauged, while those with V >> m(3/2)(2) can also arise when a single isometry is gauged.

Springer2014

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We show that contrary to the common lore it is possible to spontaneously break N = 2 supersymmetry even in simple theories without constant Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. We consider the most general N = 2 supersymmetric theory with one hypermultiplet and one vector multiplet without Fayet-Iliopoulos terms, and show that metastable supersymmetry breaking vacua can arise if both the hyper-Kahler and the special-Kahler geometries are suitably curved. We then also prove that while all the scalars can be massive, the lightest one is always lighter than the vector boson. Finally, we argue that these results also directly imply that metastable de Sitter vacua can exist in N = 2 supergravity theories with Abelian gaugings and no Fayet-Iliopoulos terms, again contrary to common lore, at least if the cosmological constant is sufficiently large. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Elsevier Science Bv2013