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This lecture covers the concept of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) in turbulence theory, explaining the hierarchy of simulation approaches, from Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) to Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations (RANS). It discusses the decomposition of flow into large and small scales, the modeling of energy dissipation, and the characteristics of resolved and modeled eddies. The presentation also touches on the K41 theory, energy transport, and the Richardson cascade in LES. The instructor provides insights into the physical picture of turbulence, including the injection and dissipation of energy, large-scale eddies, and the statistical analysis of energy correlations.