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This lecture explores the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system, focusing on bone remodeling at different time scales, from thousands of years to months. It delves into the mechanical and hormonal aspects of bone adaptation, the influence of mechanical stimulus on bone density evolution, and the differential effects of mechanical loading on bone remodeling. The instructor discusses how cells control bone structure during remodeling, the impact of mechanical demands on bone formation, and the mathematical formulation linking density evolution to mechanical stimulus. Clinical and animal studies are highlighted as essential to determine the parameters of bone evolution law.