Interaction de Yukawa

Résumé

En physique des particules, l'interaction de Yukawa est une interaction entre un champ scalaire ϕ et un champ de Dirac ψ de type : :V \approx g\bar\psi \phi \psi (scalaire) ou g \bar \psi i\gamma^5 \phi \psi (pseudoscalaire). Cette interaction porte le nom du physicien japonais Hideki Yukawa. Principe Cette interaction s'effectue entre les nucléons d'un atome et permet de maintenir le noyau atomique en place. Cette interaction consiste pour les nucléons de s'échanger des pion (particule) qui peuvent transformer des neutrons en protons et vice-versa. Cette transformation est due à la composition des pions et est expliquée dans la page prévue à cet effet. Notes et références Catégorie:Théorie quantique des champs Catégorie:Théorie électrofaible

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Systematic approach to thermal leptogenesis

Tibor Frossard

In this work we study thermal leptogenesis using nonequilibrium quantum field theory. Starting from fundamental equations for correlators of the quantum fields we describe the steps necessary to obtain quantum-kinetic equations for quasiparticles. These can easily be compared to conventional results and overcome conceptional problems inherent in the canonical approach. Beyond CP-violating decays we include also those scattering processes which are tightly related to the decays in a consistent approximation of fourth order in the Yukawa couplings. It is demonstrated explicitly how the S-matrix elements for the scattering processes in the conventional approach are related to two-and three-loop contributions to the effective action. We derive effective decay and scattering amplitudes taking medium corrections and thermal masses into account. In this context we also investigate CP-violating Higgs decay within the same formalism. From the kinetic equations we derive rate equations for the lepton asymmetry improved in that they include quantum-statistical effects and medium corrections to the quasiparticle properties. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.085009

Amer Physical Soc2013

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The appealing feature of inverse seesaw models is that the Standard Model (SM) neutrino mass emerges from the exchange of TeV scale singlets with sizable Yukawa couplings, which can be tested at colliders. However, the tiny Majorana mass splitting between TeV singlets, introduced to accommodate small neutrino masses, is left unexplained. Moreover, we argue that these models suffer from a structural limitation that prevents a successful leptogenesis if one insists on having unsuppressed Yukawa couplings and TeV scale singlets. In this work we propose a hybrid seesaw model, where we replace the mass splitting with a coupling to a high scale seesaw module including a TeV scalar. We show that this structure achieves the goal of filling both the above gaps with couplings of order unity. The necessary structure automatically arises embedding the seesaw mechanism in composite Higgs models, but may also be enforced by new gauge symmetries in a weakly-coupled theory. Our hybrid seesaw models have distinguishing features compared to the standard high scale type-I seesaw and inverse seesaw. Firstly, they have much richer phenomenology. Indeed, they generally predict new TeV scale physics (including scalars) potentially accessible at present and future colliders, whereas weakly-coupled versions may also have cosmological signature due to the presence of a light Nambu-Goldstone boson coupled to neutrinos. Secondly, our scenario features an interesting interplay between high scale and TeV scale physics in leptogenesis and enlarges the range of allowed high scale singlet masses beyond the usual similar to 10(9)-10(15) GeV, without large hierarchies in the Yukawa couplings nor small mass splitting among the singlets. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV2018

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We present a lattice formulation of an interaction phi/Lambda F (F) over tilde between an axion and some U(1) gauge sector with the following properties: it reproduces the continuum theory up to O(dx(mu)(2)) corrections, it preserves exact gauge invariance and shift symmetry on the lattice, and it is suitable for self-consistent expansion of the Universe. The lattice equations of motion can no longer be solved by explicit methods, but we propose an implicit method to overcome this difficulty, which preserves the relevant system constraints down to arbitrary (tunable) precision. As a first application we study, in a comoving grid in (3 +1) dimensions, the last efolds of axion-inflation with quadratic potential and the preheating stage following afterwards. We fully account for the inhomogeneity and non-linearity of the system, including the gauge field contribution to the expansion rate of the Universe and its backreaction into the axion dynamics. We characterize in detail, as a function of the coupling, the energy transfer from the axion to the gauge field. Two coupling regimes are identified, sub- and super-critical, depending on whether the final energy fraction stored in the gauge field is below or above similar to 50% of the total energy. The Universe is very efficiently reheated for super-critical couplings, rapidly entering in a radiation dominated stage. Our results on preheating confirm previously published results.

IOP PUBLISHING LTD2019

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