Deadly force

Deadly force, also known as lethal force, is the use of force that is likely to cause serious bodily injury or death to another person. In most jurisdictions, the use of deadly force is justified only under conditions of extreme necessity as a last resort, when all lesser means have failed or cannot reasonably be employed. Firearms, bladed weapons, explosives, and vehicles are among those weapons the use of which is considered deadly force. The use of non-traditional weapons in an offensive manner, such as a baseball bat, sharp pencil, tire iron, or other, may also be considered deadly force. The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 allows householders to use resonable force against intruders. In certain circumstances this can be lethal force. Police use of deadly force in the United States The United States Armed Forces defines deadly force as "Force that is likely to cause, or that a person knows or should know would create a substantial risk of causing, death or serious bodily harm or injury.". In the United States, the use of deadly force by sworn law enforcement officers is lawful when the officer reasonably believes the subject poses a significant threat of serious bodily injury or death to themselves or others. The use of deadly force by law enforcement is also lawful when used to prevent the escape of a fleeing felon when the officer believes escape would pose a significant threat of serious bodily injury or death to members of the public. Common law allowed officers to use any force necessary to effect a felony arrest, but this was narrowed in the Tennessee v. Garner ruling in 1985 when the U.S. Supreme Court said that "deadly force...may not be used unless necessary to prevent the escape, and the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious bodily harm to the officer or others." In the 1989 Graham v.

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Concepts associés (5)

Use of force

The use of force, in the context of law enforcement, may be defined as the "amount of effort required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling subject". Use of force doctrines can be employed by law enforcement officers and military personnel on guard duty. The aim of such doctrines is to balance the needs of security with ethical concerns for the rights and well-being of intruders or suspects. Injuries to civilians tend to focus attention on self-defense as a justification and, in the event of death, the notion of justifiable homicide.

Légitime défense

thumb|Vieux-Montréal, gravure du XIXe siècle : «le gardien, en état de légitime défense, pointa son arme sur le manifestant et le tua en le transperçant de sa baïonnette.» La légitime défense est reconnue comme un moyen de défense en droit pénal dans plusieurs pays. Il s'agit également d'une notion de droit international public. Légitime défense en droit international public Le concept de légitime défense a été introduit en droit international parallèlement à l'interdiction du recours à la force armée, dont il est la contrepartie.

Deadly force