Méson vecteur | EPFL Graph Search

Un méson vecteur est une particule hadronique composée de deux quarks avec des spins parallèles. Le méson vecteur est de spin 1. Le Méson J/Ψ est un méson vecteur. Historique Alexandru Proca (1897 - 1955), ses équations ont prévu l'existence des mésons vectoriels (travail en physique théorique de 1936 à 1941). Ce type de méson n'a été observé qu'après 1960. Liens externes

Simulations informatiques:
Animation sur les moments cinétiques orbital et de spin. Leur lien avec les lois de symétrie en physique des particules élémentaires. Université Paris XI

Catégorie:Méson

Vacuum Stability in Supersymmetric Effective Theories

Leonardo Brizi

The main topics discussed in this thesis are supersymmetric low-energy effective theories and metastability conditions in generic non-renormalizable models with global and local supersymmetry. In the first part we discuss the conditions under which the low-energy expansion in space-time derivatives preserves supersymmetry implying that heavy multiplets can be more efficiently integrated out directly at the superfield level. These conditions translate into the requirements that also fermions and auxiliary fields should be small compared to the heavy mass scale. They apply not only to the matter sector, but also to the gravitational one if present, and imply in that case that the gravitino mass should be small. We finally give a simple prescription to integrate out heavy chiral and vector superfields consisting respectively in imposing stationarity of the superpotential and of the Kähler potential; the procedure holds in the same form both for global and local supersymmetry. In the second part we study general criteria for the existence of metastable vacua which break global supersymmetry in models with local gauge symmetries. In particular we present a strategy to define an absolute upper bound on the mass of the lightest scalar field which depends on the geometrical properties of the Kähler target manifold. This bound can be saturated by properly tuning the superpotential and its positivity therefore represents a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of metastable vacua. It is derived by looking at the subspace of all those directions in field space for which an arbitrary supersymmetric mass term is not allowed and scalar masses are controlled by supersymmetry-breaking splitting effects. This subspace includes not only the direction of supersymmetry breaking, but also the directions of gauge symmetry breaking and the lightest scalar is in general a linear combination of fields spanning all these directions. Our purpose is to show that the largest value for the lightest mass is in general achieved when the lightest scalar is a combination of the Goldstone and the Goldstino partners. We conclude by computing the effects induced by the integration of heavy multiplets on the light masses. In particular we focus on the sGoldstino partners and we show that heavy chiral multiplets induce a negative level-repulsion effect that tends to compromise vacuum stability, whereas heavy vector multiplets in general induce a positive-definite contribution. Our results find application in the context of string-inspired supergravity models, where metastability conditions can be used to discriminate among different compactification scenarios and supersymmetric effective theories can be used to face the problem of moduli stabilization.

EPFL2011

Theta dependence in holographic QCD

Andrea Manenti

We study the effects of the CP-breaking topological theta-term in the large N-c QCD model by Witten, Sakai and Sugimoto with N-f degenerate light flavors. We first compute the ground state energy density, the topological susceptibility and the masses of the lowest lying mesons, finding agreement with expectations from the QCD chiral effective action. Then, focusing on the N (f) = 2 case, we consider the baryonic sector and determine, to leading order in the small theta regime, the related holographic instantonic soliton solutions. We find that while the baryon spectrum does not receive Omicron(theta) corrections, this is not the case for observables like the electromagnetic form factor of the nucleons. In particular, it exhibits a dipole term, which turns out to be vector-meson dominated. The resulting neutron electric dipole moment, which is exactly the opposite as that of the proton, is of the same order of magnitude of previous estimates in the literature. Finally, we compute the CP-violating pion-nucleon coupling constant g ($) over bar (pi NN,) finding that it is zero to leading order in the large N (c) limit.

Springer Nature2017

Neutron Electric Dipole Moment from Gauge-String Duality

Andrea Manenti

We compute the electric dipole moment of nucleons in the large N-c QCD model by Witten, Sakai, and Sugimoto with N-f = 2 degenerate massive flavors. Baryons in the model are instantonic solitons of an effective five-dimensional action describing the whole tower of mesonic fields. We find that the dipole electromagnetic form factor of the nucleons, induced by a finite topological. angle, exhibits complete vector meson dominance. We are able to evaluate the contribution of each vector meson to the final result a small number of modes are relevant to obtain an accurate estimate. Extrapolating the model parameters to real QCD data, the neutron electric dipole moment is evaluated to be d(n) = 1.8 x 10(-16)theta e cm. The electric dipole moment of the proton is exactly the opposite.

Amer Physical Soc2017

Vacuum Stability in Supersymmetric Effective Theories

Leonardo Brizi

EPFL2011