Droop quotaThe Droop quota is the quota most commonly used in elections held under the single transferable vote (STV) system. It is also sometimes used in elections held under the largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation (list PR). Any candidate that receives quota is declared elected. Under some STV systems, especially those of the full-preferential voting variant, often all the winners receive the quota, but in others, of the optional-preferential voting or semi-optional preferential voting variants, if is common for as many as three winners in a district to be elected with less than quota.
Méthode de CoombsLa méthode de Coombs ou vote exhaustif est un système de vote par classement inventé par Clyde Coombs vers 1954. Il ressemble au vote alternatif et n'en diffère que par son système d'élimination. Chaque votant classe tous les candidats par ordre de préférence. On compte les voix des candidats premiers de liste. Si un candidat obtient la majorité absolue des voix, il est élu. Sinon, on supprime le candidat qui apparait le plus souvent en dernier de liste et on barre son nom dans tous les bulletins des électeurs, modifiant ainsi le rang des candidats placés après le candidat éliminé.
One man, one vote"One man, one vote", or "one person, one vote", expresses the principle of equal representation in voting. This slogan is used by advocates of democracy and political equality, especially with regard to electoral reforms like universal suffrage and proportional representation. The violation of equal representation in the various systems of proportional representation can be measured with the Loosemore–Hanby index, the Gallagher index, or the amount of wasted vote.
Méthode BordaLa méthode Borda est un système de vote pondéré. Ses premières utilisations sont très anciennes, puisqu'elle a été utilisée par le sénat romain jusqu'à l'an 105. Elle a été formalisée en 1770 par Jean-Charles de Borda, un contemporain de Condorcet. La méthode qu'il proposait était une alternative à la méthode Condorcet que Borda jugeait certes équitable mais difficile à mettre en œuvre. Une polémique a opposé ces deux hommes, chacun défendant sa méthode comme étant la plus équitable.
Mutual majority criterionThe mutual majority criterion is a criterion used to compare voting systems. It is also known as the majority criterion for solid coalitions and the generalized majority criterion. The criterion states that if there is a subset S of the candidates, such that more than half of the voters strictly prefer every member of S to every candidate outside of S, this majority voting sincerely, the winner must come from S. This is similar to but stricter than the majority criterion, where the requirement applies only to the case that S contains a single candidate.
Système électoralthumb|400px|Système électoral utilisé pour élire la chambre basse par pays. Système majoritaire Système semi-proportionnel Système proportionnel Système mixte Autre Le 'système électoral, mode de scrutin', système de vote ou régime électoral, désigne tout type de processus permettant l'expression du choix d'un corps électoral donné, souvent la désignation d'élus pour exercer un mandat en tant que représentants de ce corps (élection), ou moins souvent le choix direct (référendum) d'une option parmi plusieurs.
History and use of the single transferable voteHistorically, the single transferable vote (STV) electoral system has seen a series of relatively modest periods of usage and disusage throughout the world; however, today it is seeing increasing popularity and proposed implementation as a method of Proportional representation and a goal of electoral reform. STV has been used in many different local, regional and national electoral systems, as well as in various other types of bodies, around the world. The concept of transferable voting was first proposed by Thomas Wright Hill in 1819.
Supplementary voteThe supplementary vote (SV) is an electoral system used to elect a single winner, in which the voter ranks two of the candidates in order of preference. In an election, if no candidate receives an absolute majority of first-preference votes, then all but the two leading candidates are eliminated and there is a second count. In the second count, the votes of those who supported eliminated candidates are distributed among the two remaining candidates, so that one candidate achieves an absolute majority.
History and use of instant-runoff votingInstant-runoff voting (IRV) is a voting method used in single-seat elections with more than two candidates. Instead of voting only for a single candidate, voters in IRV elections can rank the candidates in order of preference. Ballots are initially counted for each elector's top choice, losing candidates are eliminated, and ballots for losing candidates are redistributed until one candidate is the top remaining choice of a majority of the voters.
Contingent voteThe contingent vote is an electoral system used to elect a single representative in which a candidate requires a majority of votes to win. It is a variation of instant-runoff voting (IRV). Under the contingent vote, the voter ranks the candidates in order of preference, and the first preference votes are counted. If no candidate has a majority (more than half the votes cast), then all but the two leading candidates are eliminated and the votes received by the eliminated candidates are distributed among the two remaining candidates according to voters' preferences.
