Time translation symmetryTime translation symmetry or temporal translation symmetry (TTS) is a mathematical transformation in physics that moves the times of events through a common interval. Time translation symmetry is the law that the laws of physics are unchanged (i.e. invariant) under such a transformation. Time translation symmetry is a rigorous way to formulate the idea that the laws of physics are the same throughout history. Time translation symmetry is closely connected, via the Noether theorem, to conservation of energy.
Exact solutions in general relativityIn general relativity, an exact solution is a solution of the Einstein field equations whose derivation does not invoke simplifying assumptions, though the starting point for that derivation may be an idealized case like a perfectly spherical shape of matter. Mathematically, finding an exact solution means finding a Lorentzian manifold equipped with tensor fields modeling states of ordinary matter, such as a fluid, or classical non-gravitational fields such as the electromagnetic field.
Causal structureIn mathematical physics, the causal structure of a Lorentzian manifold describes the causal relationships between points in the manifold. In modern physics (especially general relativity) spacetime is represented by a Lorentzian manifold. The causal relations between points in the manifold are interpreted as describing which events in spacetime can influence which other events. The causal structure of an arbitrary (possibly curved) Lorentzian manifold is made more complicated by the presence of curvature.
Courbe fermée de type tempsDans une variété lorentzienne de la géométrie différentielle, on appelle , courbe de genre temps fermée ou courbe temporelle fermée (closed timelike curve, ou en abrégé CTC, en anglais) la ligne d'univers d'une particule matérielle fermée dans l'espace-temps, c'est-à-dire capable de retourner au même point et à son instant de départ. a évoqué cette possibilité en 1937 et Kurt Gödel en 1949. Si l’existence des CTC était prouvée, cela pourrait au moins impliquer la possibilité théorique de construire une machine à voyager dans le temps, ainsi qu’une reformulation du paradoxe du grand-père.
