Cantellation (geometry)In geometry, a cantellation is a 2nd-order truncation in any dimension that bevels a regular polytope at its edges and at its vertices, creating a new facet in place of each edge and of each vertex. Cantellation also applies to regular tilings and honeycombs. Cantellating a polyhedron is also rectifying its rectification. Cantellation (for polyhedra and tilings) is also called expansion by Alicia Boole Stott: it corresponds to moving the faces of the regular form away from the center, and filling in a new face in the gap for each opened edge and for each opened vertex.
Cuboctaèdrethumb|Cuboctaèdre vu comme cube rectifié. thumb|Patron de cuboctaèdre. Un cuboctaèdre est un polyèdre à 14 faces régulières, dont huit sont des triangles équilatéraux et six sont des carrés. Il comporte : 12 sommets identiques, chacun joignant deux triangles et deux carrés opposés deux à deux ; 24 arêtes identiques, chacune commune à un triangle et à un carré. Il s'agit donc d'un polyèdre quasi-régulier, c’est-à-dire un solide d'Archimède (uniformité des sommets) avec en plus, une uniformité des arêtes.
Pavage triangulaireIn geometry, the triangular tiling or triangular tessellation is one of the three regular tilings of the Euclidean plane, and is the only such tiling where the constituent shapes are not parallelogons. Because the internal angle of the equilateral triangle is 60 degrees, six triangles at a point occupy a full 360 degrees. The triangular tiling has Schläfli symbol of {3,6}. English mathematician John Conway called it a deltille, named from the triangular shape of the Greek letter delta (Δ).
Notation de Conway des polyèdresLa notation de Conway des polyèdres est une notation des polyèdres développée par le mathématicien John Horton Conway. Elle est utilisée pour décrire des polyèdres à partir d'un polyèdre « mère » modifié par diverses opérations. Les polyèdres mères sont les solides de Platon. John Conway a généralisé l'utilisation d'opérateurs, tels la définie par Kepler, afin de générer d'une mère des polyèdres de même symétrie. Ses opérateurs peuvent générer des mères tous les solides d'Archimède et de Catalan.
HexacosichoreEn géométrie, l'hexacosichore ou « 600-cellules » est le 4-polytope régulier convexe qui a comme symbole de Schläfli {3, 3, 5}. Il est composé de 600 cellules tétraédriques dont 20 qui se rencontrent à chaque sommet. Ensemble, ils forment triangulaires, 720 arêtes et 120 sommets. Les arêtes forment 72 décagones réguliers plans. Chaque sommet du 600-cellules est le sommet de six de ces décagones.
PentachoreEn géométrie euclidienne de dimension quatre, le pentachore, ou 5-cellules, aussi appelé un pentatope ou 4-simplexe, est le polychore régulier convexe le plus simple. C'est la généralisation d'un triangle du plan ou d'un tétraèdre de l'espace. Le pentachore est constitué de 5 cellules, toutes des tétraèdres. C'est un polytope auto-dual. Sa figure de sommet est un tétraèdre. Son intersection maximale avec l'espace tridimensionnel est le prisme triangulaire. Le symbole de Schläfli du pentachore est {3,3,3}.
Expansion (geometry)In geometry, expansion is a polytope operation where facets are separated and moved radially apart, and new facets are formed at separated elements (vertices, edges, etc.). Equivalently this operation can be imagined by keeping facets in the same position but reducing their size. The expansion of a regular polytope creates a uniform polytope, but the operation can be applied to any convex polytope, as demonstrated for polyhedra in Conway polyhedron notation (which represents expansion with the letter e).
Rectified 24-cellIn geometry, the rectified 24-cell or rectified icositetrachoron is a uniform 4-dimensional polytope (or uniform 4-polytope), which is bounded by 48 cells: 24 cubes, and 24 cuboctahedra. It can be obtained by rectification of the 24-cell, reducing its octahedral cells to cubes and cuboctahedra. E. L. Elte identified it in 1912 as a semiregular polytope, labeling it as tC24. It can also be considered a cantellated 16-cell with the lower symmetries B4 = [3,3,4]. B4 would lead to a bicoloring of the cuboctahedral cells into 8 and 16 each.
Rectified tesseractIn geometry, the rectified tesseract, rectified 8-cell is a uniform 4-polytope (4-dimensional polytope) bounded by 24 cells: 8 cuboctahedra, and 16 tetrahedra. It has half the vertices of a runcinated tesseract, with its construction, called a runcic tesseract. It has two uniform constructions, as a rectified 8-cell r{4,3,3} and a cantellated demitesseract, rr{3,31,1}, the second alternating with two types of tetrahedral cells. E. L. Elte identified it in 1912 as a semiregular polytope, labeling it as tC8.
BitruncationIn geometry, a bitruncation is an operation on regular polytopes. It represents a truncation beyond rectification. The original edges are lost completely and the original faces remain as smaller copies of themselves. Bitruncated regular polytopes can be represented by an extended Schläfli symbol notation t_1,2{p,q,...} or 2t{p,q,...}. For regular polyhedra (i.e. regular 3-polytopes), a bitruncated form is the truncated dual. For example, a bitruncated cube is a truncated octahedron.
