Concept
Maladie de Parkinson
Concepts associés (196)
Pars compacta
The pars compacta (SNpc) is one of two subdivisions of the substantia nigra of the midbrain (the other being the pars reticulata); it is situated medial to the pars reticulata. It is formed by dopaminergic neurons. It projects to the striatum and portions of the cerebral cortex. It is functionally involved in fine motor control. Parkinson's disease is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in this region. In humans, the nerve cell bodies of the pars compacta are coloured black by the pigment neuromelanin.
Ablation
Ablation (ablatio – removal) is the removal or destruction of something from an object by vaporization, chipping, erosive processes, or by other means. Examples of ablative materials are described below, including spacecraft material for ascent and atmospheric reentry, ice and snow in glaciology, biological tissues in medicine and passive fire protection materials. In artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning, ablation is the removal of a component of an AI system.
Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are the observed or detectable signs, and experienced symptoms of an illness, injury, or condition. Signs are objective and externally observable; symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences. A sign for example may be a higher or lower temperature than normal, raised or lowered blood pressure or an abnormality showing on a medical scan. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body.
Rasagiline
La est un inhibiteur irréversible de la monoamine oxydase, utilisé en monothérapie en début de maladie de Parkinson ou comme une thérapie adjuvante dans les cas plus avancés. La rasagiline a été développée dans les années 1990 par Teva Neuroscience, les laboratoires Lundbeck en ayant acquis la licence pour l'Europe. La rasagiline est un inhibiteur de la mono-amine oxydase-B qui, contrairement à la sélégiline, ne serait pas transformée en métabolites toxiques.
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; ) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), catecholestrogens, and various drugs and substances having a catechol structure. In humans, catechol-O-methyltransferase protein is encoded by the COMT gene. Two isoforms of COMT are produced: the soluble short form (S-COMT) and the membrane bound long form (MB-COMT).
Dystonie (maladie)
Les dystonies sont un groupe de maladies caractérisées par des troubles moteurs, regroupant la dystonie idiopathique de torsion (DIT) ou dystonie généralisée, les autres dystonies héréditaires, le blépharospasme, la dysphonie spasmodique, la dystonie secondaire à des lésions cérébrales et les dystonies en foyer. La dystonie frappe hommes et femmes, jeunes et vieux et les gens de toute origine. Elle n'est pas un trouble psychologique et elle n'affecte pas les facultés intellectuelles.
Somnolence
Somnolence (alternatively sleepiness or drowsiness) is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia). It has distinct meanings and causes. It can refer to the usual state preceding falling asleep, the condition of being in a drowsy state due to circadian rhythm disorders, or a symptom of other health problems. It can be accompanied by lethargy, weakness and lack of mental agility. Somnolence is often viewed as a symptom rather than a disorder by itself.
Piribedil
Piribedil (trade names Pronoran, Trivastal Retard, Trastal, Trivastan, Clarium and others) is an antiparkinsonian agent and piperazine derivative which acts as a D2 and D3 receptor agonist. It also has α2-adrenergic antagonist properties. Treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), either as monotherapy (without levodopa)) or in combination with L-DOPA therapy, in the early stages of the disease as well as in the advanced ones Treatment of pathological cognitive deficits in the elderly (impaired attention, motivation, memory, etc.
Encéphalopathie traumatique chronique
L’encéphalopathie traumatique chronique (ETC) (Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, CTE) ou encéphalite traumatique des pugilistes est une forme d'affection cérébrale progressant vers les maladies neurodégénératives, habituellement diagnostiquées , après une pratique sportive prolongée émaillée de nombreuses commotions cérébrales. L’encéphalite traumatique des pugilistes associe une détérioration intellectuelle avec des troubles de la mémoire. Il existe différentes sortes de lésions traumatiques selon le type de sport pratiqué ainsi que la durée de la pratique.
Récepteur dopaminergique
vignette|Il s'agit d'une illustration d'un neurone dopaminergique avec TAAR1 co-localisé et les effets d'un agoniste TAAR1 (amphétamine ou une amine trace) sur la recapture et l'efflux de dopamine. Ce modèle est basé sur des informations provenant des trois sources suivantes : Offermanns, Stefan ; (eds.), Walter Rosenthal (2008). Encyclopédie de la pharmacologie moléculaire (2e éd.). Berlin : Springer. pp. 1219-1222. . Miller GM (janvier 2011).