Êtes-vous un étudiant de l'EPFL à la recherche d'un projet de semestre?

Travaillez avec nous sur des projets en science des données et en visualisation, et déployez votre projet sous forme d'application sur GraphSearch.

Découvrez-en plus sur les applications Graph.

Graph
Search

fr|en

Se Connecter

Concept

Conflit d'intérêts

Résumé

Un conflit d'intérêts peut se définir comme une situation où une ou plusieurs personnes ou institutions sont au centre d'une prise de décision où leur objectivité et leur neutralité peuvent être remises en cause. Un conflit d’intérêts apparaît quand un individu ou une organisation doit gérer plusieurs liens d'intérêts qui s’opposent, dont au moins un est susceptible de corrompre la motivation à agir sur les autres, ou au moins de donner cette impression (on parle alors d’« apparence de conflit d’intérêts »). Un conflit d’intérêts apparaît ainsi chez une personne physique ayant à accomplir une fonction d’intérêt général et dont les intérêts personnels sont en concurrence avec la mission qui lui est confiée par son administration ou son entreprise. tels les conseillers financiers, l’ingénierie, les économistes Ces professions adoptent généralement une charte de déontologie professionnelle afin d’être un guide sur la manière de gérer ces intérêts e

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflit_d'int%C3%A9r%C3%AAts

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Publications associées (25)

Publications associées

Chargement

Personnes associées (2)

Personnes associées

Chargement

Unités associées (4)

Unités associées

Chargement

Concepts associés (30)

La crise financière mondiale de 2007-2008 est une crise financière, marquée par une crise de liquidité et parfois par des crises de solvabilité tant au niveau des banques que des États, et une raréfac

vignette|La Loi par Jean-Jacques Feuchère. Marbre, 1852. Place du Palais-Bourbon, VIIe arrondissement de Paris. Le droit est défini comme , ou de façon plus complète . Ces règles, appelées règles de

Le principe du principal-agent est le cœur de la théorie de l'agence, une des théories de l'économie industrielle. Il désigne un ensemble de problèmes rencontrés lorsque l'action d'un acteur économiqu

Afficher plus

Concepts associés

Chargement

Cours associés (32)

The course provides a market-oriented framework for analyzing the major financial decisions made by firms. It provides an introduction to valuation techniques, investment decisions, asset valuation, financing decisions, and other financial decisions of firms.

The course applies finance tools and concepts to the world of venture capital and financing of projects in high-growth industries. Students are introduced to all institutional aspects of the venture capital industry. Students analyze various aspects of VC finance using an investors' perspective.

Afficher plus

Cours associés

Chargement

Séances de cours associées (88)

Séances de cours associées

Chargement

District scale prediction of subsurface waste heat flows

Due to increasing urbanization and scarcity of land, the need to include the underground in urban planning is growing, especially in cities. The human-made underground structures generate an anthropogenic heat flow which has a significant impact on the ground temperature and leads to the creation of urban underground heat islands (UUHI). In parallel with the urbanization, the consumption of energy increases and the interest in sustainable energy production from thermal energy sources is growing. The UUHI have a high geothermal potential and are therefore of great interest for energy production. A sustainable evaluation of the geothermal potential in cities depends however on many factors and is therefore a complex procedure in which different scenarios must be assessed. This master thesis proposes a machine learning (ML) based approach for the evaluation of the underground waste heat flow of buildings. ML techniques are suitable to very quick and accurate modeling and can therefore be of great interest in the field of complex geothermal potential evaluation. In this project we will focus on the ground temperature change due to heat losses of basements. To this effect, 2D heat maps are created for a given depth and a given simulation time period. In this study, a comprehensive validation of the proposed ML model (random forest algorithm) is presented for different small scale scenarios, using various heat source geometries, locations, numbers and thermal loads. Furthermore, we study the heat maps for diverse depths and simulation time periods. To do so, we assume only a conductive heat flow mode and constant boundary conditions. The proposed methodology involves having access to fully solved numerical simulation to create a data set which is used to train and test the ML algorithm. For this purpose, the finite element software package COMSOL is used. We evaluate and discuss the accuracy of the proposed ML approach on each studied scenario. The results promise a big potential all while requiring only few solved FE models. We obtain a root mean squared error of always less than 5 to 10% depending on the scenario. At the end of this paper a district scale application of the proposed ML technique is presented on the Loop district in Downtown Chicago, US. It will be shown that 25% of the total Loop data from the FE model is sufficient to learn the ML model and to predict the whole district with a root mean squared error of less than 5%.

2020

Chargement

Certified Reduced Basis Method for Parametrized Partial Differential Equations: a Combination with ANOVA Expansion

Denis Devaud

In many fields, the computation of an output depending on a field variable is of great interest. If the field variable depends on a high-dimensional parameter, the computational cost involved can be huge. Hence, it is necessary to find efficient and reliable methods to solve such a problem. In this report, we describe a method to solve in an efficient and reliable way elliptic coercive parametric partial differential equations which depend on high-dimensional parameters. The idea is to combine two methods already known, the Reduced Basis (RB) method and the ANOVA expansion. Since also the use of the Reduced Basis method for the approximation of high-dimensional parametric partial differential equations can be computationally expensive, it is important to find a method to approximate the solution in an efficient way. The method is divided in three steps, RB-ANOVA-RB. First, we use the Reduced Basis method with a big tolerance to have a coarse approximation of the output of interest. This allows us to use the ANOVA expansion in order to determine if there exists some less important parameters. If it is the case, we freeze them and then reapply the Reduced Basis method with a low tolerance to get a fine approximation of the output.

2012

Chargement

Voting on the Environment: Price or Ideology? Evidence from Swiss Referendums

Nicholas Bornstein

Studies on preferences for environmental quality usually posit that price and income explain most of the observed choices. However, we argue that conceptions of social norms and the common good are equally important when analyzing environmental voting outcomes and are a significant component of the environmental demand. We study aggregate results of three ballot proposals in Switzerland put to vote in the year 2000 which foresaw different tax schemes on fossil energy. All three bills were rejected by the electorate. We are able to show that regions with producer interests, car commuting habits and elderly population are less supportive of ecological tax reforms, unlike higher education and leftist political affinity that work in favor of the bills, though. More importantly, our results underline the importance of including variables pertaining to the notion of ideology, both in terms of statistical fit and obtaining unbiased estimates for price and income determinants.

2008

Chargement

District scale prediction of subsurface waste heat flows

2020