In thermodynamics, the binodal, also known as the coexistence curve or binodal curve, denotes the condition at which two distinct phases may coexist. Equivalently, it is the boundary between the set of conditions in which it is thermodynamically favorable for the system to be fully mixed and the set of conditions in which it is thermodynamically favorable for it to phase separate. In general, the binodal is defined by the condition at which the chemical potential of all solution components is equal in each phase. The extremum of a binodal curve in temperature coincides with the one of the spinodal curve and is known as a critical point.
In binary (two component) mixtures, the binodal can be determined at a given temperature by drawing a tangent line to the free energy.
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The student has a basic understanding of the physical and physicochemical principles which result from the chainlike structure of synthetic macromolecules. The student can predict major characteristic
Ce cours présente la thermodynamique en tant que théorie permettant une description d'un grand nombre de phénomènes importants en physique, chimie et ingéniere, et d'effets de transport. Une introduc
The first part of the course is devoted to the self-assembly of molecules. In the second part we discuss basic physical chemical principles of polymers in solutions, at interfaces, and in bulk. Finall
The upper critical solution temperature (UCST) or upper consolute temperature is the critical temperature above which the components of a mixture are miscible in all proportions. The word upper indicates that the UCST is an upper bound to a temperature range of partial miscibility, or miscibility for certain compositions only. For example, hexane-nitrobenzene mixtures have a UCST of , so that these two substances are miscible in all proportions above but not at lower temperatures.
The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) or lower consolute temperature is the critical temperature below which the components of a mixture are miscible in all proportions. The word lower indicates that the LCST is a lower bound to a temperature interval of partial miscibility, or miscibility for certain compositions only. The phase behavior of polymer solutions is an important property involved in the development and design of most polymer-related processes.
vignette| Le point critique d'un corps pur est le point du diagramme température-pression, généralement noté C, où s'arrête la courbe d'équilibre liquide-gaz. La température T et la pression P du point critique sont appelées température critique et pression critique du corps pur. Le volume molaire et la masse volumique du corps pur à ces température et pression (V et ρ) sont appelés volume critique et masse volumique critique (plus souvent, mais improprement, densité critique).
Explore les transitions de phase, les états métastables, la nucléation et les applications pratiques comme l'ensemencement des nuages et la supraconductivité.
Couvre les transitions de phase, la stabilité, les diagrammes de phase et la coexistence de phase, en mettant l'accent sur les observations expérimentales et l'équation de Clausius-Clapeyron.
We study the performance of Markov chains for the q-state ferromagnetic Potts model on random regular graphs. While the cases of the grid and the complete graph are by now well-understood, the case of random regular graphs has resisted a detailed analysis ...
Multi-phase phenomena remain at the heart of many challenging fluid dynamics problems. Molecular fluxes at the interface determine the fate of neighboring phases, yet their closure far from the continuum needs to be modeled. Along the hierarchy of kinetic ...
We investigated the influence of oxygen overstoichiometry on apical oxygen disorder and magnetic correlations in Nd2NiO4+delta (delta similar to 0.11) in the temperature range of 2-300 K by means of synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction, neutron single-crys ...