Concept
Débit binaire
Concepts associés (67)
High Speed Packet Access
High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), aussi appelé 3G+ dans sa dénomination commerciale, est la combinaison de deux protocoles utilisés en téléphonie mobile pour améliorer les performances obtenues avec la 3G UMTS : le High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) et le High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA). Ils permettent d'atteindre des débits théoriques maximum de en descente et en montée selon la mise en service de ces deux normes par les opérateurs et la compatibilité du terminal utilisé.
Measuring network throughput
Throughput of a network can be measured using various tools available on different platforms. This page explains the theory behind what these tools set out to measure and the issues regarding these measurements. Reasons for measuring throughput in networks. People are often concerned about measuring the maximum data throughput in bits per second of a communications link or network access. A typical method of performing a measurement is to transfer a 'large' file from one system to another system and measure the time required to complete the transfer or copy of the file.
Upstream (networking)
In computer networking, upstream refers to the direction in which data can be transferred from the client to the server (uploading). This differs greatly from downstream not only in theory and usage, but also in that upstream speeds are usually at a premium. Whereas downstream speed is important to the average home user for purposes of downloading content, uploads are used mainly for web server applications and similar processes where the sending of data is critical. Upstream speeds are also important to users of peer-to-peer software.
Pulse-density modulation
Pulse-density modulation, or PDM, is a form of modulation used to represent an analog signal with a binary signal. In a PDM signal, specific amplitude values are not encoded into codewords of pulses of different weight as they would be in pulse-code modulation (PCM); rather, the relative density of the pulses corresponds to the analog signal's amplitude. The output of a 1-bit DAC is the same as the PDM encoding of the signal. In a pulse-density modulation bitstream, a 1 corresponds to a pulse of positive polarity (+A), and a 0 corresponds to a pulse of negative polarity (−A).
Inter-trame
Une inter-trame ou inter frame ou image inter désigne dans la compression vidéo une image ou une trame appartenant à un flux qui a été codé à partir d'un algorithme de prédiction inter-trame. Elle dépend des images précédemment codées afin de prédire la position des macroblocs d'origine. L'objectif de cet algorithme est de définir un vecteur de mouvement qui traduit le déplacement d'un bloc dans une image déjà codée dite de référence et sa position dans l'image courante. Cette prédiction est aussi appelée prédiction temporelle.
Sub-band coding
In signal processing, sub-band coding (SBC) is any form of transform coding that breaks a signal into a number of different frequency bands, typically by using a fast Fourier transform, and encodes each one independently. This decomposition is often the first step in data compression for audio and video signals. SBC is the core technique used in many popular lossy audio compression algorithms including MP3. The simplest way to digitally encode audio signals is pulse-code modulation (PCM), which is used on audio CDs, DAT recordings, and so on.
Modulation par déplacement d'amplitude
Amplitude-shift keying (ASK) is a form of amplitude modulation that represents digital data as variations in the amplitude of a carrier wave. In an ASK system, a symbol, representing one or more bits, is sent by transmitting a fixed-amplitude carrier wave at a fixed frequency for a specific time duration. For example, if each symbol represents a single bit, then the carrier signal could be transmitted at nominal amplitude when the input value is 1, but transmitted at reduced amplitude or not at all when the input value is 0.