Additive group | EPFL Graph Search

Multiplicative group

In mathematics and group theory, the term multiplicative group refers to one of the following concepts: the group under multiplication of the invertible elements of a field, ring, or other structure for which one of its operations is referred to as multiplication. In the case of a field F, the group is (F ∖ {0}, •), where 0 refers to the zero element of F and the binary operation • is the field multiplication, the algebraic torus GL(1).. The multiplicative group of integers modulo n is the group under multiplication of the invertible elements of .

Additive group

An additive group is a group of which the group operation is to be thought of as addition in some sense. It is usually abelian, and typically written using the symbol + for its binary operation. This terminology is widely used with structures equipped with several operations for specifying the structure obtained by forgetting the other operations. Examples include the additive group of the integers, of a vector space and of a ring. This is particularly useful with rings and fields to distinguish the additive underlying group from the multiplicative group of the invertible elements.

Classe suivant un sous-groupe

En théorie des groupes, les classes à gauche d'un groupe G suivant un sous-groupe H sont les parties de G de la forme gH avec g élément de G, où gH désigne l'ensemble des éléments gh quand h parcourt H. Elles constituent les classes d'une relation d'équivalence sur G, donc forment une partition de G. On peut les voir aussi comme les orbites de l'action à droite de H sur G, par translations par les symétriques des éléments de H. L'ensemble des classes à gauche d'un groupe G suivant un sous-groupe H est noté G/H.