Node (physics)A node is a point along a standing wave where the wave has minimum amplitude. For instance, in a vibrating guitar string, the ends of the string are nodes. By changing the position of the end node through frets, the guitarist changes the effective length of the vibrating string and thereby the note played. The opposite of a node is an anti-node, a point where the amplitude of the standing wave is at maximum. These occur midway between the nodes.
Mechanical resonanceMechanical resonance is the tendency of a mechanical system to respond at greater amplitude when the frequency of its oscillations matches the system's natural frequency of vibration (its resonance frequency or resonant frequency) closer than it does other frequencies. It may cause violent swaying motions and potentially catastrophic failure in improperly constructed structures including bridges, buildings and airplanes. This is a phenomenon known as resonance disaster.
Electrical resonanceElectrical resonance occurs in an electric circuit at a particular resonant frequency when the impedances or admittances of circuit elements cancel each other. In some circuits, this happens when the impedance between the input and output of the circuit is almost zero and the transfer function is close to one. Resonant circuits exhibit ringing and can generate higher voltages or currents than are fed into them. They are widely used in wireless (radio) transmission for both transmission and reception.
Critical speedIn solid mechanics, in the field of rotordynamics, the critical speed is the theoretical angular velocity that excites the natural frequency of a rotating object, such as a shaft, propeller, leadscrew, or gear. As the speed of rotation approaches the object's natural frequency, the object begins to resonate, which dramatically increases system vibration. The resulting resonance occurs regardless of orientation. When the rotational speed is equal to the numerical value of the natural vibration, then that speed is referred to as critical speed.
Ernst ChladniErnst Florens Friedrich Chladni, né le à Wittemberg, mort le à Breslau, est un physicien allemand. Chladni est le fondateur de l'acoustique moderne. Il mesure la vitesse de phase du son dans différents gaz en utilisant la résonance d'un tuyau d'orgue, selon la méthode de Gassendi. Il étudie expérimentalement les vibrations des plaques, en les saupoudrant de sable fin, obtenant ainsi les figures qui portent son nom. Il publie en 1802 un Traité d'acoustique, en allemand, traduit en français en 1809.
Torsional vibrationTorsional vibration is the angular vibration of an object - commonly a shaft - along its axis of rotation. Torsional vibration is often a concern in power transmission systems using rotating shafts or couplings, where it can cause failures if not controlled. A second effect of torsional vibrations applies to passenger cars. Torsional vibrations can lead to seat vibrations or noise at certain speeds. Both reduce the comfort.
Taipei 101Taipei 101 (), anciennement Centre financier international de Taipei, est un gratte-ciel localisé dans le district de Xinyi, Taipei à Taïwan. Haut de , il était le plus grand gratte-ciel du monde de 2004 à 2010, jusqu'à l'inauguration de la Burj Khalifa (). En , la tour a reçu la certification LEED Platinum, le plus grand prix du système de standardisation Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design et elle est devenue la plus grande écoconstruction du monde. L'édifice a été conçu par le groupement d’architectes C.
Cymatiquevignette|Figures basées sur l'Instabilité de Faraday. La cymatique est un néologisme créé dans la deuxième moitié du à partir du substantif grec « vague » (par l'allemand ) pour désigner la technique permettant la visualisation des vibrations acoustiques ainsi qu'un discours inspiré par l'anthroposophie qui relie les vibrations en général à l'ensemble de l'univers. La cymatique oriente certaines pratiques de la sonothérapie, thérapie utilisant les sons et les vibrations ; elle a servi à la genèse d'œuvres d'art.
Seismic vibration controlIn earthquake engineering, vibration control is a set of technical means aimed to mitigate seismic impacts in building and non-building structures. All seismic vibration control devices may be classified as passive, active or hybrid where: passive control devices have no feedback capability between them, structural elements and the ground; active control devices incorporate real-time recording instrumentation on the ground integrated with earthquake input processing equipment and actuators within the structure; hybrid control devices have combined features of active and passive control systems.
Chevalet (musique)Sur un instrument de musique à cordes, le chevalet est une pièce placée entre les cordes et la table d'harmonie de l'instrument : son rôle est de transmettre les vibrations des cordes à la table qui va amplifier le son produit. Le chevalet sert aussi à maintenir l'espacement entre les cordes, et, pour les instruments à manche, à les maintenir à la bonne hauteur par rapport à celui-ci.
