Fonction de production

Résumé

En microéconomie, une fonction de production exprime la relation entre les facteurs de production d'une organisation et la quantité produite. Elle indique, sous forme d'équation ou de sa représentation graphique, ce qu'il est possible de produire à partir de différentes quantités et combinaisons de facteurs de production. En particulier, elle indique la production maximale possible par unité de temps à partir de n'importe quelle combinaison de facteurs de production, étant donné la dotation de facteurs et l'état de la technologie disponible. Pour chaque technologie de production, il est possible de construire des fonctions de production différentes. Nous pouvons également définir une fonction de production comme la spécification du minimum d'intrants nécessaires à fabriquer une quantité donnée d'extrants, étant donné la technologie disponible. La relation exprimée par la fonction de production est non monétaire, c'est-à-dire que la fonction lie une production en volume à des intrants

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonction_de_production

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The course allows students to get familiarized with the basic tools and concepts of modern microeconomic analysis. Based on graphical reasoning and analytical calculus, it constantly links to real economic issues.

This class will provide students with an understanding of some real-world issues related to the "knowledge economy." Why should we innovate as a society? Why innovation doesn't just happen and how can the government help firms innovate? We will answer these questions and others using economic tools.

This course provides students with a working knowledge of macroeconomic models that explicitly incorporate financial markets. The goal is to develop a broad and analytical framework for analyzing the interaction of financial decisions, macroeconomic events and policy decisions.

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Séances de cours associées (35)

Séances de cours associées

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2006

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Double-dividend analysis with SCREEN : an empirical study for Switzerland

Pierre-André Haldi

This paper presents an empirical study that quantifies the effects of an ecological fiscal reform as recently rejected by the Swiss population. The measure aims to encourage employment and, at the same time, to dissuade from an excessive energy use and thereby decrease energy-induced external costs (CO2, etc.). The analysis is based on the model SCREEN, a general equilibrium model using the complementarity format for the hybrid description of economy-wide production possibilities where the electricity sector is represented by a bottom-up activity analysis and the other production sectors are characterised by top-down production functions. A dynamic formulation of the activity analysis of technologies allows for the reproduction of endogenous structural change (see Frei, C.W., Haldi, P.-A., Sarlos, G., 2003. Dynamic formulation of a top-down and bottom-up merging energy policy model. Energy Policy 31 (10), 1017–1031.). The labour market is formulated according to the microeconomically founded efficiency wages and calibrated for Switzerland. The study includes the development of a consistent set of top-down, bottom-up and labour data for Switzerland. The collection of bottom-up data on the electricity sector, just before liberalisation, was not easy. The electricity sector characterising data was prepared, based on original statistics about 140 Swiss electricity companies.

2005

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Project costs and industrial benefits: Analyzing the technological function of the Sydney Opera House thirty years after its completion

Paolo Tombesi

In spite of its revolutionary approach to design and construction, the industrial legacy of the Sydney Opera House has never been the subject of systematic analysis. Whilst celebrating the genius of his conceiver Jørn Utzon, the literature remains aloof about the building’s contribution to the management of construction innovation, the consequent definition of sectoral policies, and the role that public buildings have in their implementation. This paper documents the methodological underpinnings of a recently funded research project, which attempts to fill such a documentary and theoretical gap by seeking answers to questions concerned with the technical, social, political and economic dimensions of the project’s performance. The argument of the paper is that most of these answers can be produced by setting up a framework of historical data connecting the various technologies used for the project to a series of building industry cost proxies, and by analysing their dynamics overtime. The theory behind this work is that the value of design is seldom appreciated fully because it is difficult to measure it within the conventional project-based appraisal framework. The research makes an attempt to reach a better balance between project costs and future benefits by extending the scope of the analysis to the industry at large.

International Council for Building Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB)2005

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