Système embarqué

Un système embarqué est un système électronique et informatique autonome, souvent temps réel, spécialisé dans une tâche précise. Le terme désigne aussi bien le matériel informatique que le logiciel utilisé. Ses ressources sont généralement limitées spatialement (encombrement réduit) et énergétiquement (consommation restreinte). Histoire L'un des premiers systèmes modernes embarqués reconnaissables a été le Apollo Guidance Computer en 1967, le système de guidage de la mission lunaire Apollo, développé par Charles Stark Draper du Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Chaque mission lunaire était équipée de deux systèmes (AGC), un chargé du guidage inertiel et un pour le module lunaire. Au commencement du projet, l'ordinateur AGC d'Apollo était considéré comme l'élément le moins fiable du projet. En revanche, grâce à l'utilisation de nouveaux composants qu'étaient à l'époque les circuits intégrés, des gains substantiels sur la place utile et la charge utile ont été réalisés,

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Système d'exploitation

En informatique, un système d'exploitation (souvent appelé OS — de l'anglais operating system — ou parfois SE — en français) est un ensemble de programmes qui dirige l'utilisation des ressources d'u

Microprocesseur

vignette|Un Intel 4004 dans son boîtier à seize broches, premier microprocesseur commercialisé. vignette|Architecture de l'Intel 4004. vignette|L'intérieur d'un Intel 80486DX2. Un microprocesseur est

Microcontrôleur

Un microcontrôleur (en notation abrégée µc, ou uc ou encore MCU en anglais) est un circuit intégré qui rassemble les éléments essentiels d'un ordinateur : processeur, mémoires (mémoire morte et mémo

Applying model checking to industrial-sized PLC programs

Simon Bliudze, Borja Fernandez Adiego, Jean-Charles Tournier

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are embedded computers widely used in industrial control systems. Ensuring that a PLC software complies with its specification is a challenging task. Formal verification has become a recommended practice to ensure the correctness of safety-critical software but is still underused in industry due to the complexity of building and managing formal models of real applications. In this paper, we propose a general methodology to perform automated model checking of complex properties expressed in temporal logics (e.g., CTL, LTL) on PLC programs. This methodology is based on an Intermediate Model (IM), meant to transform PLC programs written in various standard languages (ST, SFC, etc.) to different modeling languages of verification tools. We present the syntax and semantics of the IM and the transformation rules of the ST and SFC languages to the nuXmv model checker passing through the intermediate model. Finally, two real cases studies of CERN PLC programs, written mainly in the ST language, are presented to illustrate and validate the proposed approach.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2015

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Joint Fusion Learning of Multiple Time Series Prediction

Orçun Gümüs

Accurate traffic density estimations is essential for numerous purposes like the developing successful transit policies or to forecast future traffic conditions for navigation. Current developments in the machine learning and computer systems bring the transportation industry numerous possibilities to improve their operations using data analyses on traffic flow sensor data . However, even state-of-art algorithms for time series forecasting perform well on some transportation problems, they still fail to solve some critical tasks. In particular, existing traffic flow forecasting methods that are not utilising causality relations between different data sources are still unsatisfying for many real-world applications . In this report, we have focused on a new method named joint fusion learning that uses underlying causality in time series. We test our method in a very detailed synthetic environment that we specially developed to imitate real-world traffic flow dataset. In the end, we use our joint-fusion learning on a historical traffic flow dataset for Thessaloniki, Greece which is published by Hellenic Institute of Transport (HIT) . We obtained better results on the short-term forecasts compared the widely-used benchmarks models that uses single time series to forecast the future.

2019

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Design for Test With Unreliable Memories by Restoring the Beauty of Randomness

Andreas Peter Burg, Reza Ghanaatian Jahromi, Marco Widmer

This article presents a design-for-test methodology for embedded memories. The methodology relies on a fully random fault model of post-fabrication errors, which results in a low-overhead test strategy. The methodology's effectiveness is demonstrated on an embedded system with faulty memories.

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2022

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CS-550: Formal verification

We introduce formal verification as an approach for developing highly reliable systems. Formal verification finds proofs that computer systems work under all relevant scenarios. We will learn how to use formal verification tools and explain the theory and the practice behind them.

MATH-611: Scientific programming for Engineers

The students will acquire a solid knowledge on the processes necessary to design, write and use scientific software. Software design techniques will be used to program a multi-usage particles code, aiming at providing the link between algorithmic/complexity, optimization and program designs.

CS-487: Industrial automation

This course consists of two parts:

architecture of automation systems, hands-on lab
handling of faults and failures in real-time systems, including fault-tolerant computing