Rock progressif

Résumé

Le rock progressif, ou sous sa forme abrégée prog rock, est un sous-genre de la musique rock, qui émerge au Royaume-Uni et en Allemagne vers la fin de la décennie 1960, se développant progressivement en Europe, puis dans le monde entier, durant la décennie suivante. Tirant son origine du rock psychédélique, ce courant a pour particularité de conférer au rock une plus grande crédibilité artistique. Il se caractérise par l'éloignement du format de la musique populaire au profit de techniques musicales et instrumentales plus associées aux musiques jazz et classique. Le rock progressif est caractérisé par ses expérimentations rythmiques, harmoniques, et instrumentales. À cela s'ajoute une certaine liberté dans le choix des instruments : claviers et synthétiseurs, notamment, occupent une place importante au sein des formations progressives. L'ajout de plusieurs instruments jugés étrangers à la musique rock — la flûte traversière, le saxophone, le violon, le vibraphone, v

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_progressif

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Le cours vise à familiariser les étudiants avec l'histoire de l'environnement et des paysages, et avec la façon dont les différentes préoccupations environnementales, qui vont affecter de plus en plus fortement la conception des villes et de l'architecture.

Le cours vise a familiariser les etudiants avec l'histoire de l'environnement et des paysages, et avec la maniere dont les preoccupations environnementales amenent a repenser aujourd'hui le sens et les principes de l'architecture et des disciplines de projet.

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The advantage of the dynamism of the London architectural scene seems rather ignored by historians and theorists. Not only is London absent from the grand narrative of modernity, but it is also denied the status of avant-garde, although since the 1960s, the British capital has been one of the main testing grounds of the renewal of forms and architectural ideas. The emergence of the of notion âpost-modernismâ at the turn of 1970s, initiated within the London specialized publishing, confirms this central role. This theoretical notion was created by the historian Charles Jencks (whose professor was Reyner Banham, initiator of the New Brutalism with Alison and Peter Smithson) as an alternative to modernism. It has transformed the architectural scene by establishing the return of historicism, the great moral taboo of a modernity based essentially on functionalism. This theoretical revolution, however, did not occur without causing grotesque postures, fueling a debate exacerbated and soon disrupted by the controversial speech of Prince Charles, who became the spokesman of the traditionalists. The impact in the media of this âpost-modern affairâ has led to believe in the manifestation of a crisis of legitimacy and of reception for the work of architects, in the context of heated debates concerning the cancellations of three major architectural and urban planning competitions for the capital city â the extension of the National Gallery on Trafalgar Square, the No.1 Poultry programme in the City, the redesigning of Paternoster Square near St Paulâs Cathedral. Yet, this intense sequence of the reappraisal of modernism has not curbed the development of an innovative and a radical architecture. On the contrary, it has led to the deregulation of the modern discourse by problematizing the architectâs responsibility in the creation of the built environment and by forcing to reconsider the challenges of integrating radicalism in a located environment. In this, âpost-modernismâ questions the foundations and the revival of a specifically British culturalist approach, as an alternative to the progressive model that has guided the idea and the act of modernity.

EPFL2016

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The penetration of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations (CSs), along with the progressive connection of stochastic distributed generation, is increasing the probability of violating the power distribution grid operational constraints and deteriorate the quality of power supply. To this end, the paper proposes a real-time control scheme for allocating power set-points to EV CSs while accounting for the grid operational requirements. In the proposed problem formulation the grid and the power injections are modelled accounting for their unbalanced 3-phase nature, thus enabling to formulate the problem objective and its constraints adopting the sequence decomposition. The EVs’ users need, along with the stochastic nature of other uncontrollable injections (e.g. loads and generation from photovoltaic generation units), are also taken into account. A distributed control scheme, with a minute-scale control horizon, is proposed where local controllers, operating at EV aggregation level, compute EV battery-secure power set-points. These controllers send their set-points to a central controller operating at the grid aggregation level. The central controller solves a scenario-based linearised optimal power flow accounting for grid operational and power quality constraints. Then, it sends back its solution to the respective local controllers. The obtained iterative algorithm is efficiently solved until convergence. We analyse the performance of the proposed control scheme via a simulation ran on the IEEE-34 feeder. Comparisons with two other control algorithms, a grid-unaware local controller and a myopic maximum power controller, are included to benchmark the proposed control scheme.

2020

Chargement

Influencing the Bulk Power System Reserve by Dispatching Power Distribution Networks using Local Energy Storage

Mokhtar Bozorg

Multiple research works and power systems operational practices have qualitatively associated the progressive connection of stochastic renewable energy resources with the increase of power systems reserve requirements. At the same time, the price and technology of MW-class Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) have considerably improved, which opens up the possibility to make electric distribution networks dispatchable. In this paper, we investigate the impact on the bulk power system of dispatchable electric distribution networks that host a large share of stochastic resources. The essential questions inspiring this research are: (1) Assuming that BESSs are deployed to achieve dispatchability of distribution grids embedding stochastic resources, what is the impact on the bulk power system reserve requirement? (2) Is this large-scale integration of BESSs economically viable compared to centralized reserve procurement from traditional power plants? To address these questions, we consider the case of the Danish transmission grid and the associated fleet of conventional power plants and compare it against locally dispatched distribution grids. We perform stochastic simulations to quantify and validate the amount of reserve necessary to operate these power systems with a desired reliability level. We establish a numerical equivalence between saved conventional reserve capacity and amount of BESS storage deployed in distribution networks. Then, we quantify the economic pay-back times of BESSs capital expenditure (CAPEX). The results show that: (1) large scale deployment of BESSs with dispatchable distribution networks is a viable technical solution to address flexibility requirements for the bulk power system and (2) this solution is economically viable with a pay-back time in the range of 11–14 years compared to providing flexibilities from conventional power plants.

2018

Chargement

Influencing the Bulk Power System Reserve by Dispatching Power Distribution Networks using Local Energy Storage

Mokhtar Bozorg

2018

EPFL2016