Imine

Résumé

Une imine est un composé organique caractérisé par une double liaison carbone-azote. De plus, l'azote est lié grâce à son troisième électron de valence à un second groupe alkyle ou à un hydrogène. Nomenclature et classification Les imines sont des analogues aux composé carbonylés (aldéhydes et cétones), où l'oxygène est remplacé par un groupe NR. Lorsque R = H, le composé est une imine primaire, et lorsqu'il s'agit d'un hydrocarbyle (alkyle, aryle, etc.), c'est une imine secondaire. Les imines secondaires sont aussi appelées bases de Schiff (au sens large). Lorsque R est un groupe hydroxyle (OH), on appelle cette imine oxime, et lorsqu'il s'agit d'un groupe NH2 on parle d'hydrazone. Aldimines et cétimines Une imine dans laquelle le carbone lié à l'azote n'est attaché qu'à un groupe alkyle et à un atome d'hydrogène est appelée « aldimine » (de aldéhyde et imine). En fonction du fait que l'atome d'azote soit lié à un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupe hydrocarbyle,

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imine

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Publications associées (32)

Publications associées

Chargement

Personnes associées (3)

Personnes associées

Chargement

Unités associées (2)

Unités associées

Chargement

Concepts associés (44)

Concepts associés

Chargement

Cours associés (8)

Cours associés

Chargement

Séances de cours associées (19)

Afficher plus

Séances de cours associées

Chargement

Nitrogen-containing compounds are an important class of molecules in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, biochemistry, material sciences or environmental sciences. Organic nitrogen occurs in many forms, ranging from small building blocks such as urea, amino acids, nucleotides, to complex natural products, drug molecules, proteins, nucleic acids, among others. The transformation of easily-accessed nitrogen-containing building blocks into more complex nitrogen-containing structures is therefore important for the synthesis of bioactive compounds or functional materials. Interested in donor-acceptor aminocyclopropanes and aminocyclobutanes, we first developed a Lewis-acid catalyzed formal [4+1] cycloaddition of donor-acceptor aminocyclobutanes with isocyanides, which resulted in the formation of cyclopentene-1,2-diamines. We then attempted to develop a formal [3+2] cycloaddition of donor-acceptor aminocyclopropanes with electron-deficient alkenes, which was mechanistically inspired by the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction. Apart from the donor-acceptor system, we were also attracted by simple aminocyclopropanes without electron-withdrawing group at vicinal position. We anticipated that the incorporation of cyclopropylamine into carboxylic-containing compounds followed by ring opening functionalization reactions could be used for the synthesis of more complex products. Therefore, we first disclosed an oxidative ring-opening strategy to transform acyl, sulfonyl or carbamate protected aminocyclopropanes into 1,3-dielectrophilic carbon intermediates bearing a halide atom (Br, I) and a N,O-acetal. Replacing the alkoxy group of the N,O-acetal was achieved under acidic conditions via an elimination-addition pathway, while substitution of the halides by nucleophiles was done under basic conditions via a SN2 pathway, generating a wide range of 1,3-difunctionalized propylamines. Based on the transformation described above, we further discovered an efficient synthesis of 4-amino thiochromans starting from simple aminocyclopropanes and thiophenols through a formal [3+3] annulation reaction. Next, we developed an oxidative ring-opening strategy to transform cyclopropylamides and cyclobutylamides into fluorinated imines. The imines can be isolated in their more stable hemiaminal form, with the fluorine atom installed selectively at the terminal position. Both cheap benzophenone with UV A light or organic and inorganic dyes with blue light could be used as photoredox catalysts to promote this process. Various fluorinated amines were then obtained by nucleophilic attack on the hemiaminals in one pot, giving access to a broad range of useful building blocks for medicinal chemistry. Finally, we turned our attention to the synthesis of diamines, which are essential building blocks for the synthesis of agrochemicals, drugs and organic materials, yet their synthesis remains challenging, as both nitrogen moieties need to be differentiated and diverse substitution patterns (1,2-, 1,3 or 1,4) are required. We described a new strategy giving access to 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4- amido azides as orthogonally protected diamines based on the nitrogen-directed diazidation of alkenes, cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes.Other unsuccessful efforts over the last four years have also been described, together with some preliminary results of ring-opening cyanation and arylation reactions.

EPFL2022

Chargement

Cross-Coupling of Alkyl Redox-Active Esters with Benzophenone Imines: Tandem Photoredox and Copper Catalysis

Jonathan Balon, Xile Hu, Runze Mao

Alkyl amines are an important class of organic compounds in medicinal and materials chemistry. Until now very have been very few methods for the synthesis of alkyl amines by metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of alkyl electrophiles with nitrogen nucleophiles. Described here is an approach to employ tandem photoredox and copper catalysis to enable the cross‐coupling of alkyl N‐hydroxyphthalimide esters, readily derived from alkyl carboxylic acids, with benzophenone‐derived imines. Hydrolysis of the coupling products furnish alkylated primary amines. Primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl groups can be transferred, and the coupling tolerates a diverse set of functional groups. The method allows rapid functionalization of natural products and drugs, and can be used to expedite syntheses of pharmaceuticals from readily available chemical feedstocks.

2018

Chargement

Oxidative Fluorination of Cyclopropylamides through Organic Photoredox Catalysis

Mingming Wang, Jérôme Waser

We report an oxidative ring-opening strategy to transform cyclopropylamides and cyclobutylamides into fluorinated imines. The imines can be isolated in their more stable hemiaminal form, with the fluorine atom installed selectively at the gamma or delta position. Both inexpensive benzophenone with UVA light or organic and inorganic dyes with blue light could be used as photoredox catalysts to promote this process. Various fluorinated amines were then obtained by nucleophilic attack on the hemiaminals in one pot, giving access to a broad range of useful building blocks for medicinal chemistry.

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH2020

Chargement

EPFL2022