Condorcet loser criterionIn single-winner voting system theory, the Condorcet loser criterion (CLC) is a measure for differentiating voting systems. It implies the majority loser criterion but does not imply the Condorcet winner criterion. A voting system complying with the Condorcet loser criterion will never allow a Condorcet loser to win. A Condorcet loser is a candidate who can be defeated in a head-to-head competition against each other candidate.
Méthode de CondorcetLa méthode Condorcet (aussi appelée scrutin de Condorcet ou vote Condorcet) est un système de vote obéissant au principe de Condorcet qui s'énonce ainsi : Le vainqueur, s'il existe, est donc le candidat qui, comparé tour à tour à chacun des autres candidats, s’avère à chaque fois être le candidat préféré. Autrement dit, il bat tous les autres en duel. Un tel candidat est appelé vainqueur de Condorcet. Rien ne garantit la présence d'un candidat satisfaisant à ce critère de victoire : c'est le paradoxe de Condorcet.
Smith criterionThe Smith criterion (sometimes generalized Condorcet criterion, but this can have other meanings) is a voting systems criterion defined such that it's satisfied when a voting system always elects a candidate that is in the Smith set, which is the smallest non-empty subset of the candidates such that every candidate in the subset is majority-preferred over every candidate not in the subset. (A candidate X is said to be majority-preferred over another candidate Y if, in a one-on-one competition between X & Y, the number of voters who prefer X over Y exceeds the number of voters who prefer Y over X.
Participation criterionThe participation criterion is a voting system criterion. Voting systems that fail the participation criterion are said to exhibit the no show paradox and allow a particularly unusual strategy of tactical voting: abstaining from an election can help a voter's preferred choice win. The criterion has been defined as follows: In a deterministic framework, the participation criterion says that the addition of a ballot, where candidate A is strictly preferred to candidate B, to an existing tally of votes should not change the winner from candidate A to candidate B.
Vote par valeursvignette|Un image qui représente le vote de valeurs qui est un système de vote Le vote par valeurs, vote par notes, vote par notation ou vote de valeur est un système de vote, ou plus exactement une famille de systèmes. Le principe consiste à ce que chaque électeur associe une note à chaque candidat. Ce mode de scrutin est efficace pour favoriser les candidats consensuels, pour s'affranchir du "vote utile" et pour exprimer sa désapprobation autant que son approbation et permet d'empêcher les phénomènes de tyrannie de la majorité.
Comparison of electoral systemsComparison of electoral systems is the result of comparative politics for electoral systems. Electoral systems are the rules for conducting elections, a main component of which is the algorithm for determining the winner (or several winners) from the ballots cast. This article discusses methods and results of comparing different electoral systems, both those that elect a unique candidate in a 'single-winner' election and those that elect a group of representatives in a multiwinner election.
