Carte topographique

thumb|Un exemple de carte topographique américaine Une carte topographique est une carte à échelle réduite représentant le relief déterminé par altimétrie et les aménagements humains d'une région géographique de manière précise et détaillée sur un plan horizontal. Les autres cartes à échelle plus grande et les plans de ville ne sont pas des cartes topographiques car ils ne respectent pas l'échelle de réduction pour représenter les routes. En effet, l'usage principal de ces cartes routières et des plans est le repérage d'un tracé routier. Néanmoins, le fond de carte et de plan contient des informations topographiques parfaitement représentées, comme la végétation de surface, le relief Espagne L’Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) est responsable des cartes topographiques officielles espagnoles. Il utilise six échelles couvrant l’ensemble du territoire espagnol: 1:25 000, 1:50 000, 1:200 000, 1:500 000, 1:1 000 000 et 1:2 000 000. La plus courante est la première, qui utili

Microfluidics-based immunofluorescence for fast staining of ALK in lung adenocarcinoma

Saska Brajkovic, Diego Gabriel Dupouy, Benjamin Pelz

BackgroundAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a key oncogenic driver in lung adenocarcinoma patients and its fusion proteins are routinely assessed. The microfluidic tissue processor (MTP) device is based on a chip-confined low-volume technology allowing for rapid immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence (IHC/IF) stainings of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) or frozen tissue samples.MethodsA novel ALK IF protocol was developed for the MTP device using the primary mouse anti-human ALK antibody clone 5A4. FFPE tumor whole sections from 14 resected lung adenocarcinoma patients documented to be ALK positive (ALK+) by automated chromogenic IHC and/or FISH were used. MTP-derived IF immunoreactivity was measured by computerized analysis of digitalized images on individual frames of tumor epithelia and surrounding stroma, using an ImageJ plug-in.ResultsThe 5A4 antibody yielded saturated immunoreactivity at an incubation time of 4min on a titration curve ranging from 2 to 32min. Total staining time on the MTP device was 18min including secondary IgG Alexa Fluor 647. MTP-based ALK IF confirmed all 12 cases; with epithelial signal above stromal staining based on computerized pixel-based measurement. MTP-IF (mean intensity levels 458 to 1301) and chromogenic IHC (H-score 120 to 300) showed an equal range of variation of 2.8 and 2.5 folds, respectively, and a trend for direct correlation (p-value 0.051).ConclusionThe newly developed protocol for immunofluorescent detection of ALK protein with the MTP device confirms chromogenic IHC results on FFPE lung adenocarcinoma specimens. MTP-based IF is fast and reliable. We foresee this study to be a first step opening the road for further realization of microfluidic-based assays for rapid simultaneous detection of targetable oncogenic and immune-system related markers in their topographical context to investigate tumour heterogeneity and micro-environmental interactions.

BMC2018

Detection of Floods In Sar Images with Non-Linear Kernel Clustering and Topographic Prior

Maurice Borgeaud, Frank Grégoire Jean de Morsier, Jean-Philippe Thiran, Devis Tuia

After a major flood catastrophe, a precious information is the delineation of the affected areas. Remote sensing imagery, especially synthetic aperture radar, allows to obtain a global and complete view of the situation. However, the detection of the flooded areas remains a challenge, especially since the reaction time for ground teams is very short. This makes the application of automatic detection routines appealing. Such methods must avoid complex parametrization, heavy computational time and long intervention by the operator. We propose an automatic three steps strategy, starting by rebalancing the different types of pixels (non-water, permanent water and flooded) using digital elevation model information, then isolating water pixels and finally separating flooded from permanent water pixels using non-linear clustering in dedicated feature spaces. Experiments on two sets of ASAR images show the effectiveness of the method competing with supervised standard log-ratio thresholding.

2013

Microfluidics-based immunofluorescence for fast staining of ALK in lung adenocarcinoma

Saska Brajkovic, Diego Gabriel Dupouy, Benjamin Pelz

BMC2018

Detection of floods in SAR images with non-linear kernel clustering and topographic prior

Microfluidics-based immunofluorescence for fast staining of ALK in lung adenocarcinoma

Detection of Floods In Sar Images with Non-Linear Kernel Clustering and Topographic Prior

Microfluidics-based immunofluorescence for fast staining of ALK in lung adenocarcinoma

Detection of Floods In Sar Images with Non-Linear Kernel Clustering and Topographic Prior

Detection of floods in SAR images with non-linear kernel clustering and topographic prior