Concept
Graphe d'intersection
Concepts associés (23)
Circle graph
In graph theory, a circle graph is the intersection graph of a chord diagram. That is, it is an undirected graph whose vertices can be associated with a finite system of chords of a circle such that two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding chords cross each other. gives an O(n2)-time algorithm that tests whether a given n-vertex undirected graph is a circle graph and, if it is, constructs a set of chords that represents it. A number of other problems that are NP-complete on general graphs have polynomial time algorithms when restricted to circle graphs.
Circle packing theorem
The circle packing theorem (also known as the Koebe–Andreev–Thurston theorem) describes the possible tangency relations between circles in the plane whose interiors are disjoint. A circle packing is a connected collection of circles (in general, on any Riemann surface) whose interiors are disjoint. The intersection graph of a circle packing is the graph having a vertex for each circle, and an edge for every pair of circles that are tangent.
Graphe de disques
En théorie des graphes, un graphe de disques (ou disk graph en anglais) est le graphe d'intersection d'une collection de disques. C'est une extension du concept de graphe d'intervalle à la dimension 2. Formellement, G est un graphe de disques s'il existe une collection de disques dans le plan dont les centres sont en bijection avec les sommets de G et telle que deux disques s'intersectent si et seulement si les sommets correspondants sont reliés par une arête dans G.
Graphe chemin
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a path graph (or linear graph) is a graph whose vertices can be listed in the order v_1, v_2, ..., v_n such that the edges are {v_i, v_i+1} where i = 1, 2, ..., n − 1. Equivalently, a path with at least two vertices is connected and has two terminal vertices (vertices that have degree 1), while all others (if any) have degree 2. Paths are often important in their role as subgraphs of other graphs, in which case they are called paths in that graph.
Graphe de comparabilité
Dans la théorie des graphes, un graphe de comparabilité est un graphe non orienté qui relie les paires d'éléments qui sont comparables les uns aux autres dans un ordre partiel donné. On les trouve aussi sous le nom de transitively orientable graphs, partially orderable graphs, et containment graphs. Les graphes de comparabilité sont des graphes parfaits. Les cographes sont des graphes de comparabilité Les graphes qui sont de comparabilité et dont le complémentaire est aussi de comparabilité sont exactement les graphes de permutations.
Biconnected component
In graph theory, a biconnected component (sometimes known as a 2-connected component) is a maximal biconnected subgraph. Any connected graph decomposes into a tree of biconnected components called the block-cut tree of the graph. The blocks are attached to each other at shared vertices called cut vertices or separating vertices or articulation points. Specifically, a cut vertex is any vertex whose removal increases the number of connected components.
Fáry's theorem
In the mathematical field of graph theory, Fáry's theorem states that any simple, planar graph can be drawn without crossings so that its edges are straight line segments. That is, the ability to draw graph edges as curves instead of as straight line segments does not allow a larger class of graphs to be drawn. The theorem is named after István Fáry, although it was proved independently by , , and . One way of proving Fáry's theorem is to use mathematical induction.
Graphe cordal
thumb|Un cycle, en noir, avec deux cordes, en vert. Si l'on s'en tient à cette partie, le graphe est cordal. Supprimer l'une des arêtes vertes rendrait le graphe non cordal. En effet, l'autre arête verte formerait, avec les trois arêtes noires, un cycle de longueur 4 sans corde. En théorie des graphes, on dit qu'un graphe est cordal si chacun de ses cycles de quatre sommets ou plus possède une corde, c'est-à-dire une arête reliant deux sommets non adjacents du cycle.
Clique (théorie des graphes)
thumb|Exemple de graphe possédant une 3-clique (en rouge) : les trois sommets de ce sous-graphe sont tous adjacents deux-à-deux. thumb|Exemple de « biclique » : le graphe biparti complet K3,3. Une clique d'un graphe non orienté est, en théorie des graphes, un sous-ensemble des sommets de ce graphe dont le sous-graphe induit est complet, c'est-à-dire que deux sommets quelconques de la clique sont toujours adjacents. Une clique maximum d'un graphe est une clique dont le cardinal est le plus grand (c'est-à-dire qu'elle possède le plus grand nombre de sommets).
Circular-arc graph
In graph theory, a circular-arc graph is the intersection graph of a set of arcs on the circle. It has one vertex for each arc in the set, and an edge between every pair of vertices corresponding to arcs that intersect. Formally, let be a set of arcs. Then the corresponding circular-arc graph is G = (V, E) where and A family of arcs that corresponds to G is called an arc model. demonstrated the first polynomial recognition algorithm for circular-arc graphs, which runs in time.