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We consider a two-type contact process on Z in which both types have equal finite range and supercritical infection rate. We show that a given type becomes extinct with probability 1 if and only if, in the initial configuration, it is confined to a finite ...
This paper introduces a deterministic approximation algorithm with error guarantees for computing the probability of propositional formulas over discrete random variables. The algorithm is based on an incremental compilation of formulas into decision diagr ...
Robust dynamic optimization problems involving adaptive decisions are computationally intractable in general. Tractable upper bounding approximations can be obtained by requiring the adaptive decisions to be representable as linear decision rules (LDRs). I ...
Increasingly, uncertainties are explicitly considered for important engineering tasks. Often, little case-specific information is available for characterizing these uncertainties. Uniform distributions are an easy way to describe errors in absence of more ...
The probability density functions (pdf's) of travel and residence times are key descriptors of the mechanisms through which catchments retain and release old and event water, transporting solutes to receiving water bodies. In this paper we analyze theoreti ...
A field experiment in Yokohama (japan) revealed that a macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) linking space-mean flow, density and speed exists on a large urban area. It was observed that when the highly scattered plots of flow vs. density from individual f ...
Attention can be stimulus-driven and bottom-up or goal-driven and top-down. Bottom-up attention and, particularly, attentional capture are often thought to be strongly automatic, i.e., not modulable. For example, in visual search, it has been shown that sa ...
Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology2010
In this paper, we study the soundness amplification by repetition of cryptographic protocols. As a tool, we use the Chernoff Information. We specify the number of attempts or samples required to distinguish two distributions efficiently in various protocol ...
Even under flow equilibrium conditions, river bed topography continuously evolves with time, producing trains of irregular bed forms. The idea has recently emerged that the variability in the bed form geometry results from some randomness in sediment flux. ...
In this paper we extend recent theoretical results on the structure of the probability density function of streamflows forced by stochastic rainfall sequences. Our extension is aimed at incorporating an additional, independent source of variability assumed ...
