Nouvelle PenséeLa Nouvelle Pensée (New Thought), parfois également appelée Penser Nouveau, est un courant de pensée spirituel qui s'est développé dans la seconde moitié du aux États-Unis et existe encore de nos jours. Ce courant, à ne pas confondre avec le New Age, couvre un ensemble d'organisations, de penseurs et de théologiens partageant une série de croyances métaphysiques.
The Will to Believe"The Will to Believe" is a lecture by William James, first published in 1896, which defends, in certain cases, the adoption of a belief without prior evidence of its truth. In particular, James is concerned in this lecture about defending the rationality of religious faith even lacking sufficient evidence of religious truth. James states in his introduction: "I have brought with me tonight ... an essay in justification of faith, a defense of our right to adopt a believing attitude in religious matters, in spite of the fact that our merely logical intellect may not have been coerced.
Functional psychologyFunctional psychology or functionalism refers to a psychological school of thought that was a direct outgrowth of Darwinian thinking which focuses attention on the utility and purpose of behavior that has been modified over years of human existence. Edward L. Thorndike, best known for his experiments with trial-and-error learning, came to be known as the leader of the loosely defined movement. This movement arose in the U.S.
Jane AddamsJane Addams, née le à Cedarville (Illinois) et morte le à Chicago (Illinois), est une pionnière américaine, réformatrice sociale et militante, philosophe, écrivaine, impliquée dans des causes telles que le droit de vote des femmes et la paix dans le monde. À une époque où des présidents comme Theodore Roosevelt et Woodrow Wilson se déclarent eux-mêmes réformateurs et militants sociaux, Addams est une réformatrice éminente de l’ère progressiste.
Gifford Lecturesthumb|250px|Cour de l'université de St Andrews (Saint Salvator's College), en Écosse. Les Gifford Lectures (de l'anglais lecture : « cours magistral ») sont une série de conférences fondées par la volonté testamentaire d'Adam Gifford (mort en 1887) et se tenant dans les universités écossaises : l'université d'Aberdeen, l'université d'Édimbourg, l'université de Glasgow et l'université de St Andrews. Elles furent établies pour « promouvoir et diffuser l'étude de la Théologie Naturelle au sens le plus large du terme — en d'autres termes, la connaissance de Dieu ».
Charles Sanders Peirce bibliographyThis Charles Sanders Peirce bibliography consolidates numerous references to the writings of Charles Sanders Peirce, including letters, manuscripts, publications, and Nachlass. For an extensive chronological list of Peirce's works (titled in English), see the Chronologische Übersicht (Chronological Overview) on the Schriften (Writings) page for Charles Sanders Peirce. Click on abbreviation in order to jump down this page to the relevant edition information. Click on the abbreviation appearing with that edition information in order to return here.
EvidentialismEvidentialism is a thesis in epistemology which states that one is justified to believe something if and only if that person has evidence which supports said belief. Evidentialism is, therefore, a thesis about which beliefs are justified and which are not. For philosophers Richard Feldman and Earl Conee, evidentialism is the strongest argument for justification because it identifies the primary notion of epistemic justification. They argue that if a person's attitude towards a proposition fits their evidence, then their doxastic attitude for that proposition is epistemically justified.
Radical empiricismRadical empiricism is a philosophical doctrine put forth by William James. It asserts that experience includes both particulars and relations between those particulars, and that therefore both deserve a place in our explanations. In concrete terms: Any philosophical worldview is flawed if it stops at the physical level and fails to explain how meaning, values and intentionality can arise from that. Radical empiricism is a postulate, a statement of fact, and a conclusion, says James in The Meaning of Truth.
Stream of consciousness (psychology)The stream of consciousness is a metaphor describing how thoughts seem to flow through the conscious mind. Research studies have shown that we only experience one mental event at a time as a fast-moving mind stream. The term was coined by Alexander Bain in 1855 in the first edition of The Senses and the Intellect, when he wrote, "The concurrence of Sensations in one common stream of consciousness (on the same cerebral highway) enables those of different senses to be associated as readily as the sensations of the same sense" (p.
