Probability density optical tomography of confined quasiparticles in a semiconductor microcavity

Roland Cerna, Benoît Marie Joseph Deveaud, Ounsi El Daïf, François Morier-Genoud, Gaël Nardin, Taofiq Paraïso, Barbara Pietka
2009
Article

Résumé

We present the optical tomography of the probability density of quasiparticles, the microcavity polaritons, confined in three dimensions by cylindrical traps. Collecting the photoluminescence emitted by the quasimodes under continuous nonresonant laser excitation, we reconstruct a three-dimensional mapping of the photoluminescence, from which we can extract the spatial distribution of the confined states at any energy. We discuss the impact of the confinement geometry on the wave function patterns and give an intuitive understanding in terms of a light-matter quasiparticle confined in a box.

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Probability density tomography of microcavity polaritons confined in cylindrical traps of various sizes

Roland Cerna, Benoît Marie Joseph Deveaud, Ounsi El Daïf, François Morier-Genoud, Gaël Nardin, Taofiq Paraïso, Barbara Pietka

We present the optical tomography of the probability density of microcavity polaritons, confined in three dimensions by cylindrical traps of various sizes. Collecting the photoluminescence emitted by the quasimodes under continuous nonresonant laser excitation, we reconstruct a three dimensional mapping of the photoluminescence, from which we can extract the spatial distribution of the confined states at any energy. We discuss the impact of the confinement shape and size on the probability density patterns.

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We demonstrate three-dimensional spatial confinement of exciton-polaritons in a semiconductor microcavity. Polaritons are confined within a micron-sized region of slightly larger cavity thickness, called mesa, through lateral trapping of their photon component. This results in a shallow potential well that allows the simultaneous existence of extended states above the barrier. Photoluminescence spectra were measured as a function of either the emission angle or the position on the sample. Striking signatures of confined states of lower and upper polaritons, together with the corresponding extended states at higher energy, were found. In particular, the confined states appear only within the mesa region, and are characterized by a discrete energy spectrum and a broad angular pattern. A theoretical model of polariton states, based on a realistic description of the confined photon modes, supports our observations.

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Roland Cerna, Benoît Marie Joseph Deveaud, Ounsi El Daïf, François Morier-Genoud, Gaël Nardin, Taofiq Paraïso, Barbara Pietka, Davide Sarchi, Vincenzo Savona

We experimentally investigate the relaxation of spatially confined microcavity polaritons. We measure the time- and energy-resolved photoluminescence under resonant excitation and in the low-density regime. In this way, we have access to the time evolution of the energy distribution of the polariton population. We show that, when one confined level is resonantly excited, after an initial transient, the population of the confined levels is thermally distributed. The reported efficiency of the relaxation process strongly depends on the confinement size. These experimental findings are well reproduced by a theoretical model accounting for the coupling between the confined states and a bath of acoustic phonons. Our results thus suggest that the phonon-mediated relaxation mechanisms are enhanced in the presence of spatial confinement.

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Enhancement of microcavity polariton relaxation under confinement

L'onde de polarisation est

Enhancement of microcavity polariton relaxation under confinement

Probability density tomography of microcavity polaritons confined in cylindrical traps of various sizes

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