Thermo-chemical production of F-T fuels from lignocellulosic biomass: Heat integration of gasification

This study focuses on the process integration of gasification in the thermo-chemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into liquid fuels thorough gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis (biomass to liquids, BtL). Two main gasification technologies are compared: the Entrained Flow (EF) gasifier and the Fast Internally Circulating Fluidized bed (FICFB) gasifier. The comparison is carried out through the detailed energy and mass balances as well as the pinch analysis of the explored process options, the characteristic results of the process integration of each configuration are presented. The role of torrefaction for the FICFB gasifier is evaluated and the trade off between the mass loss engendered and the improved process integration is highlighted.

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Guillaume Boissonnet, François Maréchal, Emanuela Peduzzi
2013
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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/187472?ln=fr

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Biomass (energy)

Biomass, in the context of energy production, is matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms which is used for bioenergy production. Examples include wood, wood residues, energy crops, agri

Lignocellulose

La lignocellulose est composée de lignine, d’hémicellulose et de cellulose en proportions variables. Elle est très présente dans la paroi des cellules des végétaux, du bois et de la paille. Ses moléc

Combustible

thumb|Le combustible consommé dans une cheminée traditionnelle est généralement du bois. Un combustible est un composé chimique qui, avec un comburant (comme le dioxygène) et de l'énergie, se consume

Process Integration of Lignocellulosic Biomass Pre-treatment in the Thermo-Chemical Production of F-T Fuels. Centralised Versus Decentralised Scenarios

Guillaume Boissonnet, François Maréchal, Emanuela Peduzzi

The purpose of this study is to evaluate, in terms of process integration, the centralised and decentralised pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass for its thermo-chemical conversion into liquid fuels through gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis (biomass to liquids, BtL). The aim is to quantify the process integration benefits of a centralised configuration in comparison to the energy savings obtained through the transportation of a higher energy density fuel, in this case torrefied biomass instead of raw biomass. The analysis is carried out through the detailed energy and mass balances, and the pinch analysis of the centralised and decentralised configurations.

2013

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Thermochemical production of liquid fuels from biomass: Thermo-economic modeling, process design and process integration analysis

Martin Gassner, François Maréchal, Laurence Tock

A detailed thermo-economic model combining thermodynamics with economic analysis and considering different technological alternatives for the thermochemical production of liquid fuels from lignocellulosic biomass is presented. Energetic and economic models for the production of Fischer-Tropsch fuel (FT), methanol (MeOH) and dimethyl ether (DME) by the means of biomass drying with steam or flue gas, directly or indirectly heated fluidized bed or entrained flow gasification, hot or cold gas cleaning, fuel synthesis and upgrading are reviewed and developed. The process is integrated and the optimal utility system is computed. The competitiveness of the different process options is compared systematically with regard to energetic, economic and environmental considerations. At several examples, it is highlighted that process integration is a key element that allows for considerably increasing the performance by optimal utility integration and energy conversion. The performance computations of some exemplary technology scenarios of integrated plants yield overall energy efficiencies of 59.8% (crude FT-fuel), 52.5% (MeOH) and 53.5% (DME), and production costs of 89, 128 and 113 EUR/MWh on fuel basis. The applied process design approach allows to evaluate the economic competitiveness compared to fossil fuels, to study the influence of the biomass and electricity price and to project for different plant capacities. Process integration reveals in particular potential energy savings and waste heat valorization. Based on this work, the most promising options for the polygeneration of fuel, power and heat will be determined in a future thermo-economic optimization.

Elsevier2010

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Thermo-economic analysis and multi-objective optimisation of lignocellulosic biomass conversion to Fischer-Tropsch fuels

Guillaume Boissonnet, François Maréchal, Emanuela Peduzzi

This paper addresses the techno-economic evaluation and optimisation of processes converting lignocellulosic biomass into liquid fuels, through the development of a suitable framework and the modelling and design of Biomass to Liquids (BTL) processes. In particular, the focus is on the production of drop-in fuels through gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. Several conversion technologies are presented and evaluated in the literature, but the comparison of different options is hazardous because of the different assumptions and methodologies adopted in each study. A systematic and consistent approach is therefore developed to explore the trade-offs of alternative process configurations and of the operating conditions. The comparison presented in this study explores the trade-offs of different technological options in terms of competing economic and thermodynamic objectives. Results show that for 200 MWth biomass input plant capacities, production costs are in the range of 1.0-1.4 €/l for technologies producing up to about 0.5 kJFT/kJth and close to being neutral in terms of electricity balance. For technologies using electrolysis the conversion can increase to 0.8 kJFT/kJth with production costs of 1.8 €/l. The electricity storage capacity, in this case, is of 0.5 kJe/kJFT, corresponding to a net electricity requirement of about 0.4 kJ e/kJth.

2018

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