Alkali Silica Reaction and Sulfate Attack: Expansion of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement

Aurélie Rosine Favier, Karen Scrivener
SPRINGER, 2018
Article de conférence

In this paper, two durability issues: Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) and external sulfate attack were studied. The results of expansion were presented for a Normal Portland cement and a blended cement LC3 containing calcined clay and limestone as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The systems containing SCMs did not expand after several years of exposure showing a high resistance to ASR and sulfate attack.

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Aurélie Rosine Favier, Karen Scrivener
SPRINGER, 2018
Article de conférence

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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/263277?ln=fr

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Effect of fineness in clinker-calcined clays-limestone cements

Adrian Alujas Diaz, Mathieu Antoni, Karen Scrivener, Leng Maday Vizcaino Andres

This paper looks at the effect of fineness of the different components in a blend containing 55% Portland cement, 30% calcined clay and 15% limestone. The calcined clay originates from a natural deposit in Cuba and contains less than 50% kaolinite. The particle size distribution (PSD) of each of the three components was varied by using different grinding times, and the consequences on heat release, strength development, pore structure and phase assemblage development were investigated up to 28 d. Higher fineness of both clinker and calcined clay can considerably improve compressive strength at all ages, while limestone fineness only plays a role at early age. The formation of carboaluminate hydrates owing to the combined addition of calcined clays and limestone is confirmed for this case of a mixed clay with moderate kaolinite content.

Ice Publishing2015

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The Influence of some calcined clays from Nigeria as clinker substitute in cementitious systems

Akindehinde Ayotunde Akindahunsi, François Henri Avet, Karen Scrivener

This paper examines the possibility of the use of some clays calcined from Nigeria as partial substitutes for clinker in the production of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3). The clays were calcined in the oven at a temperature of 800 degrees C and for one hour. Dehydroxylation of raw and calcined clays with TGA were carried out between 400 degrees C and 650 degrees C after which the materials were again characterized with XRD. The R-3 pozzolanic test was then carried out to evaluate the reactivity of calcined clays based on the heat release at 24 hours of a model system of portlandite, calcined clay and limestone with adjusted sulfate and alkali content. After the characterization, two clay samples were deemed fit for use as partial replacement of cement because they contain more than 30% kaolinite content. Concrete cubes prepared with the cementitious blends (PC, LC3-50A, LC3-50D and LC3-35D) were cast for mechanical and durability tests, while mercury intrusion porositometry (MIP) was used to determine the porosity of the cementitious blends. The results showed that LC3-50D with about 50% kaolinite content gave the best mechanical and durability results followed by LC3-50A and whereas, LC3-35D containing only 35% cement can still be used for good construction which is a demonstration of the advantage offered with the use of LC3 in cementitious systems. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

ELSEVIER2020

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Limestone Calcined Clay Cements (LC3)

Karen Scrivener, Franco Alberto Zunino Sommariva

The climate emergency requires the adoption of strategies and technologies that effectively reduce CO2 emissions in the short to midterm to keep the global temperature rise below 2 degrees C above pre-industrial levels. Concrete is the substance most consumed by humanity after water. The blended cements in which supplementary cementitious materials replace part of the energy-intensive clinker are the most realistic means to obtain large-scale CO2 reductions. Limestone calcined clay cements (LC3)-blended cements produced by the combination of limestone, calcined clays, and portland cement (OPC)-provides a solution that achieves equivalent mechanical performance to OPC, better durability against chloride, and alkali-silica reaction reduction of CO2 emissions by approximately 40%. Furthermore, it is cost-effective compared to OPC currently on the market. Due to the similarities with OPC, it is a material that can be adopted today using the same construction equipment and workforce worldwide.

AMER CONCRETE INST2021

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