AidIn international relations, aid (also known as international aid, overseas aid, foreign aid, economic aid or foreign assistance) is – from the perspective of governments – a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another. Aid may serve one or more functions: it may be given as a signal of diplomatic approval, or to strengthen a military ally, to reward a government for behavior desired by the donor, to extend the donor's cultural influence, to provide infrastructure needed by the donor for resource extraction from the recipient country, or to gain other kinds of commercial access.
Maximum spacing estimationIn statistics, maximum spacing estimation (MSE or MSP), or maximum product of spacing estimation (MPS), is a method for estimating the parameters of a univariate statistical model. The method requires maximization of the geometric mean of spacings in the data, which are the differences between the values of the cumulative distribution function at neighbouring data points.
Land snailA land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. Land snail is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as slugs). However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water.
EscargotLe terme escargot est un nom vernaculaire qui en français désigne des gastéropodes à coquille, généralement terrestres et appelés aussi des limaçons, ou colimaçons par opposition aux limaces. Ce sont tous des mollusques, quelle que soit leur taille (le plus petit escargot mesure à peine un millimètre de diamètre, tandis que le plus grand escargot mesure 20 cm) ou leur forme. 40 % des mollusques étant des escargots terrestres, certains escargots toutefois sont des espèces aquatiques, plutôt d'eau douce : Basommatophora tels les limnées ou les planorbes, souvent appelés « escargots nettoyeurs » par les amateurs d'aquariophilie.
Aide humanitairethumb|Consultation médicale à Tegucigalpa au Honduras en 2004. L’aide humanitaire est une aide d'urgence et ponctuelle mise en place lors d'une situation de crise exceptionnelle ou de catastrophe naturelle. On distingue souvent à ce titre l'aide humanitaire (ou aide d'urgence) et l'aide au développement. Selon l'anthropologue Sylvie Bodineau, l’aide humanitaire, de manière large, se définit par des opérations d'assistance matérielle et humaine pour venir en aide à des personnes subissant les contrecoups de catastrophes naturelles et de guerres.
Aid agencyAn aid agency, also known as development charity, is an organization dedicated to distributing aid. Many professional aid organisations exist, both within government, between governments as multilateral donors and as private voluntary organizations or non-governmental organisations. The International Committee of the Red Cross is the world's second oldest humanitarian organisation and is unique in being mandated by international treaty to uphold the Geneva Conventions. The Sovereign Order of Malta, established in 1099 as the Order of St.
