Super gridA super grid or supergrid is a wide-area transmission network, generally trans-continental or multinational, that is intended to make possible the trade of high volumes of electricity across great distances. It is sometimes also referred to as a "mega grid". Super grids typically are proposed to use high-voltage direct current (HVDC) to transmit electricity long distances. The latest generation of HVDC power lines can transmit energy with losses of only 1.6% per 1,000 km.
Asymptotic distributionIn mathematics and statistics, an asymptotic distribution is a probability distribution that is in a sense the "limiting" distribution of a sequence of distributions. One of the main uses of the idea of an asymptotic distribution is in providing approximations to the cumulative distribution functions of statistical estimators. A sequence of distributions corresponds to a sequence of random variables Zi for i = 1, 2, ..., I .
Fisher information metricIn information geometry, the Fisher information metric is a particular Riemannian metric which can be defined on a smooth statistical manifold, i.e., a smooth manifold whose points are probability measures defined on a common probability space. It can be used to calculate the informational difference between measurements. The metric is interesting in several respects. By Chentsov’s theorem, the Fisher information metric on statistical models is the only Riemannian metric (up to rescaling) that is invariant under sufficient statistics.
Lattice field theoryIn physics, lattice field theory is the study of lattice models of quantum field theory, that is, of field theory on a space or spacetime that has been discretised onto a lattice. Although most lattice field theories are not exactly solvable, they are of tremendous appeal because they can be studied by simulation on a computer, often using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. One hopes that, by performing simulations on larger and larger lattices, while making the lattice spacing smaller and smaller, one will be able to recover the behavior of the continuum theory as the continuum limit is approached.
Information geometryInformation geometry is an interdisciplinary field that applies the techniques of differential geometry to study probability theory and statistics. It studies statistical manifolds, which are Riemannian manifolds whose points correspond to probability distributions. Historically, information geometry can be traced back to the work of C. R. Rao, who was the first to treat the Fisher matrix as a Riemannian metric. The modern theory is largely due to Shun'ichi Amari, whose work has been greatly influential on the development of the field.
Ronald Aylmer FisherSir Ronald Aylmer Fisher est un biologiste et statisticien britannique, né à East Finchley le et mort le . Richard Dawkins le considère comme et Anders Hald comme l'homme qui a – . Pour Bradley Efron, il est le statisticien le plus important du . Dans le domaine de la statistique, il introduit de nombreux concepts-clés tels que le maximum de vraisemblance, l'information de Fisher et l'analyse de la variance, les plans d'expériences ou encore la notion de statistique exhaustive.
World Community GridLe projet World Community Grid (WCG) regroupe plusieurs projets de recherche scientifique au sein d'un même projet de calcul distribué, afin de principalement lutter contre plusieurs maladies humaines. Plus largement, WCG regroupe des projets ayant un fort intérêt humanitaire. Le but premier de WCG était de créer la plus grande grille de calcul publique au monde. La plateforme logicielle utilisée est le logiciel BOINC (Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing), qui est actuellement disponible sur toutes les plates-formes (Windows, Linux, Mac OS X et FreeBSD).
