Multiversion Concurrency ControlMultiversion concurrency control (abrégé en MCC ou MVCC) est une méthode informatique de contrôle des accès concurrents fréquemment utilisée dans les systèmes de gestion de base de données et les langages de programmation concernant la gestion des caches en mémoire. Le principe de MVCC repose sur un verrouillage dit optimiste contrairement au verrouillage pessimiste qui consiste à bloquer préalablement les objets à des garanties de bonne fin. L'inconvénient logique est qu'une mise à jour peut être annulée du fait d'un "blocage" en fin de traitement.
Concurrency controlIn information technology and computer science, especially in the fields of computer programming, operating systems, multiprocessors, and databases, concurrency control ensures that correct results for concurrent operations are generated, while getting those results as quickly as possible. Computer systems, both software and hardware, consist of modules, or components. Each component is designed to operate correctly, i.e., to obey or to meet certain consistency rules.
Snapshot isolationIn databases, and transaction processing (transaction management), snapshot isolation is a guarantee that all reads made in a transaction will see a consistent snapshot of the database (in practice it reads the last committed values that existed at the time it started), and the transaction itself will successfully commit only if no updates it has made conflict with any concurrent updates made since that snapshot.
Isolation (informatique)Dans les systèmes de gestion de base de données (SGBD), l'isolation est la capacité d'un système d'isoler les modifications dans une transaction en cours de celles faites dans les autres transactions conduites simultanément, jusqu'à ce qu'elle soit complétée. C'est l'une des quatre propriétés ACID d'une base de données. L'isolation des transactions d'une base données est assurée par son moteur de stockage, par un contrôle de concurrence entre elles.
Optimistic concurrency controlOptimistic concurrency control (OCC), also known as optimistic locking, is a concurrency control method applied to transactional systems such as relational database management systems and software transactional memory. OCC assumes that multiple transactions can frequently complete without interfering with each other. While running, transactions use data resources without acquiring locks on those resources. Before committing, each transaction verifies that no other transaction has modified the data it has read.
Distributed concurrency controlDistributed concurrency control is the concurrency control of a system distributed over a computer network (Bernstein et al. 1987, Weikum and Vossen 2001). In database systems and transaction processing (transaction management) distributed concurrency control refers primarily to the concurrency control of a distributed database. It also refers to the concurrency control in a multidatabase (and other multi-transactional object) environment (e.g., federated database, grid computing, and cloud computing environments.
Timestamp-based concurrency controlIn computer science, a timestamp-based concurrency control algorithm is a non-lock concurrency control method. It is used in some databases to safely handle transactions, using timestamps. Every timestamp value is unique and accurately represents an instant in time. A higher-valued timestamp occurs later in time than a lower-valued timestamp. A number of different ways have been used to generate timestamp Use the value of the system's clock at the start of a transaction as the timestamp.
Programmation concurrenteLa programmation concurrente est un paradigme de programmation tenant compte, dans un programme, de l'existence de plusieurs piles sémantiques qui peuvent être appelées threads, processus ou tâches. Elles sont matérialisées en machine par une pile d'exécution et un ensemble de données privées. La concurrence est indispensable lorsque l'on souhaite écrire des programmes interagissant avec le monde réel (qui est concurrent) ou tirant parti de multiples unités centrales (couplées, comme dans un système multiprocesseurs, ou distribuées, éventuellement en grille ou en grappe).
Concurrency (computer science)In computer science, concurrency is the ability of different parts or units of a program, algorithm, or problem to be executed out-of-order or in partial order, without affecting the outcome. This allows for parallel execution of the concurrent units, which can significantly improve overall speed of the execution in multi-processor and multi-core systems. In more technical terms, concurrency refers to the decomposability of a program, algorithm, or problem into order-independent or partially-ordered components or units of computation.
Commitment orderingCommitment ordering (CO) is a class of interoperable serializability techniques in concurrency control of databases, transaction processing, and related applications. It allows optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. With the proliferation of multi-core processors, CO has also been increasingly utilized in concurrent programming, transactional memory, and software transactional memory (STM) to achieve serializability optimistically. CO is also the name of the resulting transaction schedule (history) property, defined in 1988 with the name dynamic atomicity.
