Process engineeringProcess engineering is the understanding and application of the fundamental principles and laws of nature that allow humans to transform raw material and energy into products that are useful to society, at an industrial level. By taking advantage of the driving forces of nature such as pressure, temperature and concentration gradients, as well as the law of conservation of mass, process engineers can develop methods to synthesize and purify large quantities of desired chemical products.
Événement indésirable médicamenteuxL'événement indésirable médicamenteux (EIM), ou événement iatrogène médicamenteux, peut provenir d’un effet indésirable ou d’une erreur médicamenteuse. Les personnes âgées, une population plus fragile et plus touchée par la iatrogénèse, et en particulier médicamenteuse. L’URCAM de Poitou Charentes a fait une étude sur la population des personnes âgées, qui fait notamment apparaître que : sur les 719 dossiers examinés, sur une période de 5 jours, 90 hospitalisations soit 12,5 % ont été rapportées à un événement indésirable médicamenteux après analyse du Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance (CRPV).
Power managementPower management is a feature of some electrical appliances, especially copiers, computers, computer CPUs, computer GPUs and computer peripherals such as monitors and printers, that turns off the power or switches the system to a low-power state when inactive. In computing this is known as PC power management and is built around a standard called ACPI, this supersedes APM. All recent computers have ACPI support.
Package testingPackage testing or packaging testing involves the measurement of a characteristic or property involved with packaging. This includes packaging materials, packaging components, primary packages, shipping containers, and unit loads, as well as the associated processes. Testing measures the effects and interactions of the levels of packaging, the package contents, external forces, and end-use. It can involve controlled laboratory experiments, subjective evaluations by people, or field testing.
Packaging engineeringPackaging engineering, also package engineering, packaging technology and packaging science, is a broad topic ranging from design conceptualization to product placement. All steps along the manufacturing process, and more, must be taken into account in the design of the package for any given product. Package engineering is an interdisciplinary field integrating science, engineering, technology and management to protect and identify products for distribution, storage, sale, and use.
Social simulationSocial simulation is a research field that applies computational methods to study issues in the social sciences. The issues explored include problems in computational law, psychology, organizational behavior, sociology, political science, economics, anthropology, geography, engineering, archaeology and linguistics . Social simulation aims to cross the gap between the descriptive approach used in the social sciences and the formal approach used in the natural sciences, by moving the focus on the processes/mechanisms/behaviors that build the social reality.
Electronic system-level design and verificationElectronic system level (ESL) design and verification is an electronic design methodology, focused on higher abstraction level concerns. The term Electronic System Level or ESL Design was first defined by Gartner Dataquest, an EDA-industry-analysis firm, on February 1, 2001. It is defined in ESL Design and Verification as: "the utilization of appropriate abstractions in order to increase comprehension about a system, and to enhance the probability of a successful implementation of functionality in a cost-effective manner.
Process designIn chemical engineering, process design is the choice and sequencing of units for desired physical and/or chemical transformation of materials. Process design is central to chemical engineering, and it can be considered to be the summit of that field, bringing together all of the field's components. Process design can be the design of new facilities or it can be the modification or expansion of existing facilities. The design starts at a conceptual level and ultimately ends in the form of fabrication and construction plans.
ManagementLe management est la science sociale de la planification, de l'organisation , de la coordination et du contrôle du travail et des ressources ayant comme but d'atteindre un objectif. La gestion d'entreprise est un des champs de la discipline, mais celle-ci s'étend à toutes formes d'organisations. Il existe aussi les sciences de gestion, qui incluent des disciplines des champs du management.
Designvignette|Chaise de Charles Rennie Mackintosh, 1897. Le design, le stylisme ou la stylique est une activité de création souvent à vocation industrielle ou commerciale, pouvant s’orienter vers les milieux sociaux, politiques, scientifiques et environnementaux. Le but premier du design est d’inventer, d’améliorer ou de faciliter l’usage ou le processus d’un élément ayant à interagir avec un produit ou un service matériel ou virtuel.
