ConiqueEn géométrie euclidienne, une conique est une courbe plane algébrique, définie initialement comme l’intersection d'un cône de révolution (supposé prolongé à l’infini de part et d’autre du sommet) avec un plan. Lorsque le plan de coupe ne passe pas par le sommet du cône, la conique est dite non dégénérée et réalise l’une des trois formes de courbe suivantes : ellipse, parabole ou hyperbole (le cercle étant un cas particulier de l'ellipse, parfois appelé quatrième forme). Ces courbes sont caractérisées par un paramètre réel appelé excentricité.
Confocal conic sectionsIn geometry, two conic sections are called confocal if they have the same foci. Because ellipses and hyperbolas have two foci, there are confocal ellipses, confocal hyperbolas and confocal mixtures of ellipses and hyperbolas. In the mixture of confocal ellipses and hyperbolas, any ellipse intersects any hyperbola orthogonally (at right angles). Parabolas have only one focus, so, by convention, confocal parabolas have the same focus and the same axis of symmetry.
Wavelet transformIn mathematics, a wavelet series is a representation of a square-integrable (real- or complex-valued) function by a certain orthonormal series generated by a wavelet. This article provides a formal, mathematical definition of an orthonormal wavelet and of the integral wavelet transform. A function is called an orthonormal wavelet if it can be used to define a Hilbert basis, that is a complete orthonormal system, for the Hilbert space of square integrable functions.
Continuous wavelet transformIn mathematics, the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is a formal (i.e., non-numerical) tool that provides an overcomplete representation of a signal by letting the translation and scale parameter of the wavelets vary continuously. The continuous wavelet transform of a function at a scale (a>0) and translational value is expressed by the following integral where is a continuous function in both the time domain and the frequency domain called the mother wavelet and the overline represents operation of complex conjugate.
ParaboloïdeEn mathématiques, un paraboloïde est une surface du second degré de l'espace euclidien. Il fait donc partie des quadriques, avec pour caractéristique principale de ne pas posséder de centre de symétrie. Certaines sections d'un paraboloïde avec un plan sont des paraboles. D'autres sont, selon le cas, des ellipses ou des hyperboles. On distingue donc les paraboloïdes elliptiques et les paraboloïdes hyperboliques. Cette surface peut s'obtenir en faisant glisser une parabole sur une autre parabole tournant sa concavité dans la même direction.
List of hyperboloid structuresThis page is a list of hyperboloid structures. These were first applied in architecture by Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov (1853–1939). Shukhov built his first example as a water tower (hyperbolic shell) for the 1896 All-Russian Exposition. Subsequently, more have been designed by other architects, including Le Corbusier, Antoni Gaudí, Eduardo Torroja, Oscar Niemeyer and Ieoh Ming Pei. The shapes are doubly ruled surfaces, which can be classed as: Hyperbolic paraboloids, such as saddle roofs Hyperboloid of one sheet, such as cooling towers Image:Ruled hyperboloid.
Discrete wavelet transformIn numerical analysis and functional analysis, a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is any wavelet transform for which the wavelets are discretely sampled. As with other wavelet transforms, a key advantage it has over Fourier transforms is temporal resolution: it captures both frequency and location information (location in time). Haar wavelet The first DWT was invented by Hungarian mathematician Alfréd Haar. For an input represented by a list of numbers, the Haar wavelet transform may be considered to pair up input values, storing the difference and passing the sum.
Continuous waveletIn numerical analysis, continuous wavelets are functions used by the continuous wavelet transform. These functions are defined as analytical expressions, as functions either of time or of frequency. Most of the continuous wavelets are used for both wavelet decomposition and composition transforms. That is they are the continuous counterpart of orthogonal wavelets. The following continuous wavelets have been invented for various applications: Poisson wavelet Morlet wavelet Modified Morlet wavelet Mexican ha
Matrix representation of conic sectionsIn mathematics, the matrix representation of conic sections permits the tools of linear algebra to be used in the study of conic sections. It provides easy ways to calculate a conic section's axis, vertices, tangents and the pole and polar relationship between points and lines of the plane determined by the conic. The technique does not require putting the equation of a conic section into a standard form, thus making it easier to investigate those conic sections whose axes are not parallel to the coordinate system.
Ondelettethumb|Ondelette de Daubechies d'ordre 2. Une ondelette est une fonction à la base de la décomposition en ondelettes, décomposition similaire à la transformée de Fourier à court terme, utilisée dans le traitement du signal. Elle correspond à l'idée intuitive d'une fonction correspondant à une petite oscillation, d'où son nom. Cependant, elle comporte deux différences majeures avec la transformée de Fourier à court terme : elle peut mettre en œuvre une base différente, non forcément sinusoïdale ; il existe une relation entre la largeur de l'enveloppe et la fréquence des oscillations : on effectue ainsi une homothétie de l'ondelette, et non seulement de l'oscillation.
