Fourier optics

Summary

Fourier optics is the study of classical optics using Fourier transforms (FTs), in which the waveform being considered is regarded as made up of a combination, or superposition, of plane waves. It has some parallels to the Huygens–Fresnel principle, in which the wavefront is regarded as being made up of a combination of spherical wavefronts (also called phasefronts) whose sum is the wavefront being studied. A key difference is that Fourier optics considers the plane waves to be natural modes of the propagation medium, as opposed to Huygens–Fresnel, where the spherical waves originate in the physical medium. A curved phasefront may be synthesized from an infinite number of these "natural modes" i.e., from plane wave phasefronts oriented in different directions in space. Far from its sources, an expanding spherical wave is locally tangent to a planar phase front (a single plane wave out of the infinite spectrum), which is transverse to the radial direction of propagation. In this cas

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Matrix Fourier optics enables a compact full-Stokes polarization camera

Recent developments have enabled the practical realization of optical elements in which the polarization of light may vary spatially. We present an extension of Fourier optics-matrix Fourier optics-for understanding these devices and apply it to the design and realization of metasurface gratings implementing arbitrary, parallel polarization analysis. We show how these gratings enable a compact, full-Stokes polarization camera without standard polarization optics. Our single-shot polarization camera requires no moving parts, specially patterned pixels, or conventional polarization optics and may enable the widespread adoption of polarization imaging in machine vision, remote sensing, and other areas.

2019

Crossed fiber optic Bessel beams for curvilinear optofluidic transport of dielectric particles

Fabrice Merenda, Kyunghwan Oh, René Salathé

Due to its unique non-diffracting and self-reconstructing nature, Bessel beams have been successfully adopted to trap multiple particles along the beam's axial direction. However, prior bulk-optic based Bessel beams have a fundamental form-factor limitation for in situ, in-vitro, and in-vivo applications. Here we present a novel implementation of Fourier optics along a single strand of hybrid optical fiber in a monolithic manner that can generate pseudo Bessel beam arrays in two-dimensional space. We successfully demonstrate unique optofluidic transport of the trapped dielectric particles along a curvilinear optical route by multiplexing the fiber optic pseudo Bessel beams. The proposed technique can form a new building block to realize reconfigurable optofluidic transportation of particulates that can break the limitations of both prior bulk-optic Bessel beam generation techniques and conventional microfluidic channels. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America

Optical Soc Amer2013

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This paper reports a micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based sensor array integrated with CMOS-based optical readout. The integrated architecture has several unique features. MEMS devices are passive and there are no electrical connections to the MEMS sensor array. Thus, the architecture is scalable to large array formats for parallel measurement applications and can even be made as a disposable cartridge in the future using self-aligning features. A CMOS-based readout integrated circuit (ROIC) is integrated to the MEMS chip. Via holes are defined on ROIC by customized post-processing and MEMS chip is thinned down by a grinding process to enable integrated optical readout. A diffraction grating interferometer-based optical readout is realized by pixel-level illumination of the MEMS chip through the via holes and by capturing the reflected light using a photodetector array on the CMOS chip. A model for the optical readout principle has been developed using Fourier optics.

Elsevier2014