Solid of revolution | EPFL Graph Search

In geometry, a solid of revolution is a solid figure obtained by rotating a plane figure around some straight line (the axis of revolution), which may not intersect the generatrix (except at its boundary). The surface created by this revolution and which bounds the solid is the surface of revolution. Assuming that the curve does not cross the axis, the solid's volume is equal to the length of the circle described by the figure's centroid multiplied by the figure's area (Pappus's second centroid theorem). A representative disc is a three-dimensional volume element of a solid of revolution. The element is created by rotating a line segment (of length w) around some axis (located r units away), so that a cylindrical volume of πr2w units is enclosed. Two common methods for finding the volume of a solid of revolution are the disc method and the shell method of integration. To apply these methods, it is easiest to draw the graph in question; identify the area that is to be revolved about the axis of revolution; determine the volume of either a disc-shaped slice of the solid, with thickness δx, or a cylindrical shell of width δx; and then find the limiting sum of these volumes as δx approaches 0, a value which may be found by evaluating a suitable integral. A more rigorous justification can be given by attempting to evaluate a triple integral in cylindrical coordinates with two different orders of integration. Disc integration The disc method is used when the slice that was drawn is perpendicular to the axis of revolution; i.e. when integrating parallel to the axis of revolution. The volume of the solid formed by rotating the area between the curves of f(y) and g(y) and the lines y = a and y = b about the y-axis is given by If g(y) = 0 (e.g. revolving an area between the curve and the y-axis), this reduces to: The method can be visualized by considering a thin horizontal rectangle at y between f(y) on top and g(y) on the bottom, and revolving it about the y-axis; it forms a ring (or disc in the case that g(y) = 0), with outer radius f(y) and inner radius g(y).

Automated image-based generation of finite element models for masonry buildings

Katrin Beyer, Radhakrishna Achanta, Bryan German Pantoja Rosero

To predict the response of masonry buildings to various types of loads, engineers use finite element models, specifically solid-element and macro-element models. For predicting masonry responses to seismic events in particular, equivalent frame models-a su ...

SPRINGER2023

Spin Evolution in the Born-Oppenheimer Approximation

Jean-Philippe Ansermet, François Reuse, Klaus Maschke

The first part of this article attempts to highlight in chronological order some prominent papers that have direct connexion with the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. This timeline successively points to the role of level crossing, the notions of gauge fiel ...

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH2022

Data-driven numerical site response

Jean-François Molinari, Antonio Joaquin Garcia Suarez, Sacha Zenon Wattel

Prediction of ground motion triggered by earthquakes is a prime concern for both the seismology community and geotechnical earthquake engineering one. The subfield occupied with such a problem is termed site response analysis (SRA), its one-dimensional fla ...

2022