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Concept
Dennard scaling
Summary
In semiconductor electronics, Dennard scaling, also known as MOSFET scaling, is a scaling law which states roughly that, as transistors get smaller, their power density stays constant, so that the power use stays in proportion with area; both voltage and current scale (downward) with length. The law, originally formulated for MOSFETs, is based on a 1974 paper co-authored by Robert H. Dennard, after whom it is named.
Derivation
Dennard's model of MOSFET scaling implies that, with every technology generation:
Transistor dimensions could be scaled by −30% (0.7×). This has the following effects simultaneously:
#* The area of an individual device reduces by 50%, because area is length times width. #* The capacitance associated with the device, C, is reduced by 30% (0.7×), because capacitance varies with area over distance. #* To keep the electric field unchanged, the voltage, V, is reduced by 30% (0.7×), because voltage is field times length. #* Characteristics such as currOfficial source
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