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Concept
Extended real number line
Summary
In mathematics, the affinely extended real number system is obtained from the real number system \R by adding two infinity elements: +\infty and -\infty, where the infinities are treated as actual numbers. It is useful in describing the algebra on infinities and the various limiting behaviors in calculus and mathematical analysis, especially in the theory of measure and integration. The affinely extended real number system is denoted \overline{\R} or [-\infty, +\infty] or \R\cup\left{-\infty,+\infty\right}. It is the Dedekind–MacNeille completion of the real numbers.
When the meaning is clear from context, the symbol +\infty is often written simply as \infty.
There is also the projectively extended real line where +\infty and -\infty are not distinguished so the infinity is denoted
Official source
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