Carbonate Equilibrium in Water

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Explores EC, alkalinity, hardness, and carbonate chemistry in water quality modelling, emphasizing measurement methods and ion relationships.

Delves into the carbonate equilibrium system, explaining its importance in water and the proton balance equations.

Explores the dissolution of minerals, alkalinity in water bodies, and the effects of adding compounds to adjust pH.

Explores alkalinity equilibrium, dissolution of CaCO3, and practical applications in water systems.

Explores the equilibrium in carbonate systems, including species like H₂CO3 and HCO3, with examples and exercises.

Explores the carbonate system, equilibrium equations, concentrations, pH calculations, and dissolution of CaCO3.

Delves into the principles of acids and bases, their equilibria, and effects on solution pH.

Explains acid-base definitions, equilibrium constants, pH scale, conjugate pairs, and buffers.

Explores equilibrium phases in water quality modelling, illustrating with examples of mineral precipitation and pH adjustment.

Explores chemical equilibrium, acids, bases, pH calculations, buffer solutions, and thermodynamic principles.